MYC Gene Complete Identifier and Functional Mapping Reference
Provide a comprehensive cross-database identifier and functional mapping reference for human MYC — a definitive lookup resource covering: ### Section 1: Gene identifiers For human gene MYC, list ALL gene-level database identifiers. Required: - HGNC ID and approved symbol - Ensembl gene ID (ENSG...) - NCBI Entrez Gene ID - OMIM gene/locus ID - Genomic location: chromosome, start position, end position, strand (GRCh38) ### Section 2: Transcript identifiers For human gene MYC, list ALL transcript-level identifiers. Required: - Ensembl transcripts: ALL ENST IDs with biotype. Total count. - RefSeq transcripts: ALL NM_ mRNA accessions. Mark which is MANE Select. - CCDS IDs. - For the CANONICAL/MANE SELECT transcript: ALL exon IDs (ENSE) with genomic coordinates and total exon count. ### Section 3: Protein identifiers For human gene MYC protein product(s), list ALL protein-level identifiers. Required: - UniProt accessions: ALL entries (reviewed and unreviewed). Mark the canonical reviewed entry. - RefSeq protein: ALL NP_ accessions. - Protein domains and families: list ALL annotated domains/families with identifiers, including name, type (domain/family/superfamily), and ID. - Antibody availability: known antibody resources for the protein. ### Section 4: Structure For human gene MYC protein, list ALL structural data. Required: - Experimental structures: ALL PDB IDs. For each: experimental method (X-ray/NMR/Cryo-EM) and resolution. Total count. - Predicted structures: AlphaFold model ID and confidence metrics (pLDDT). ### Section 5: Cross-species orthologs For human gene MYC, list orthologous genes in key model organisms. Organisms: - Mouse (Mus musculus): gene ID, symbol - Rat (Rattus norvegicus): gene ID, symbol - Zebrafish (Danio rerio): gene ID, symbol - Fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster): gene ID, symbol - Worm (C. elegans): gene ID, symbol - Yeast (S. cerevisiae): gene ID, symbol ### Section 6: Clinical variants & AI predictions For human gene MYC, summarize clinical variants and AI predictions. Clinical variant annotations (ClinVar): - Total variant count (approximate is fine) - Breakdown by classification: Pathogenic, Likely Pathogenic, VUS, Likely Benign, Benign - TOP 30 pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants with: variant ID, HGVS notation, associated condition AI-based variant effect predictions: - Splice effect predictions: total count + TOP 30 with delta scores if known - Missense pathogenicity from AlphaMissense — total count + TOP 30 likely-pathogenic with am_pathogenicity scores. ### Section 7: Pathways & Gene Ontology For human gene MYC, list biological pathways and Gene Ontology annotations. Pathway membership: - ALL biological pathways this gene participates in, with pathway IDs and names - Total pathway count Gene Ontology: - Biological Process: count and TOP 20 terms with GO IDs - Molecular Function: count and TOP 20 terms with GO IDs - Cellular Component: count and TOP 20 terms with GO IDs ### Section 8: Protein interactions & networks For human gene MYC protein, summarize protein interactions and networks. Protein-protein interactions (STRING, IntAct, BioGRID, etc.): - Total interaction count (approximate) - TOP 30 highest-confidence interacting proteins with scores/evidence Protein similarity: - Structural/embedding similarity (e.g. Foldseek, ESM): TOP 20 similar proteins with scores - Sequence homology: TOP 20 homologous proteins with identity/similarity ### Section 9: Transcription factor regulatory data For human gene MYC, summarize transcription factor regulatory data. If MYC is a transcription factor: - Downstream targets: total count + TOP 30 with regulation type (activates/represses) and evidence - DNA binding motifs from JASPAR — all known motif IDs and motif family classification. Regardless: - Upstream regulators: TFs that regulate MYC — names with evidence type (ChIP-seq / predicted / experimentally validated) If MYC is not a transcription factor, say so briefly and skip the downstream/motif sections. ### Section 10: Drug & pharmacology data For human gene MYC protein as a drug target, summarize pharmacology data. If MYC is a known drug target: - Targeting molecules: total count in ChEMBL/DrugBank + TOP 30 by development phase (molecule ID, name, mechanism, highest phase) - Clinical trials: TOP 20 involving drugs targeting this gene — trial ID, phase, status, intervention - Pharmacogenomics: known drug-gene interactions affecting drug response + dosing guidelines if any If MYC is not currently a drug target, say so briefly. ### Section 11: Expression profiles For human gene MYC, summarize expression profiles. Tissue expression (GTEx, HPA, Bgee, etc.): - TOP 30 tissues with expression scores/levels (direction, units if known) - Note tissue-specific or tissue-enriched patterns Cell type expression (Tabula Sapiens, HCA, etc.): - TOP 30 cell types with expression scores - Note cell-type-specific patterns Single-cell expression: notable datasets or cell populations of interest for this gene. ### Section 12: Disease associations For human gene MYC, summarize disease associations. Mendelian / monogenic disease: - Diseases caused by mutations in MYC: disease name, disease ID (OMIM/Orphanet/Mondo), inheritance pattern, evidence level - Include all directly linked conditions Phenotype associations: - Clinical phenotypes associated with the gene (HPO terms where known) - TOP 30 phenotype terms with HPO IDs Complex-disease / GWAS: - Traits and diseases significantly associated via GWAS: trait name, variant, effect size, study where known - TOP 30 GWAS associations
Executive summary
MYC (HGNC:7553; chr8q24.21) encodes the Myc proto-oncogene protein, a bHLH-ZIP transcription factor that is one of the most broadly important oncogenes in human biology, driving cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis across virtually all tissue types. It is most strongly implicated in Burkitt lymphoma through direct mutation, and GWAS signals at the 8q24 locus associate the region with colorectal, prostate, breast, and bladder cancers as well as asthma. MYC functions obligately as a heterodimer with MAX, binding E-box sequences to regulate at least 1,124 target genes — including key cell-cycle regulators such as CDKN1A, CDKN2A, CDK4, and CCND1 — and sits at the hub of a protein interaction network exceeding 14,000 STRING connections. The AlphaFold model carries a low global pLDDT of 61.38 (only 21% high-confidence), reflecting extensive intrinsic disorder consistent with its transcription-factor biology. Therapeutic targeting remains challenging: the most advanced MYC-directed clinical agents are indirect BET inhibitors such as EZOBRESIB (phase 2), with direct MYC inhibitors still largely preclinical.
Gene identifiers
- HGNC ID: HGNC:7553
- HGNC Approved Symbol: MYC
- Ensembl Gene ID: ENSG00000136997
- NCBI Entrez Gene ID: 4609
- OMIM Gene/Locus ID: 190080
- Genomic Location (GRCh38):
- Chromosome: 8
- Start: 127,735,434
- End: 127,742,951
- Strand: +
Transcript identifiers
Ensembl Transcripts: 15 total
| Transcript ID | Biotype | Start | End |
|---|---|---|---|
| ENST00000259523 | protein_coding | 127,735,434 | 127,740,477 |
| ENST00000377970 | protein_coding | 127,736,084 | 127,741,434 |
| ENST00000517291 | protein_coding | 127,735,519 | 127,738,772 |
| ENST00000520751 | protein_coding_CDS_not_defined | 127,736,231 | 127,738,475 |
| ENST00000524013 | protein_coding | 127,736,220 | 127,741,372 |
| ENST00000621592 | protein_coding | 127,736,231 | 127,742,951 |
| ENST00000641036 | protein_coding | 127,736,046 | 127,736,612 |
| ENST00000641252 | protein_coding | 127,735,473 | 127,735,817 |
| ENST00000651626 | protein_coding | 127,735,659 | 127,741,434 |
| ENST00000652288 | protein_coding | 127,737,621 | 127,741,434 |
| ENST00000707113 | protein_coding | 127,736,958 | 127,741,434 |
| ENST00000707114 | protein_coding | 127,737,724 | 127,741,434 |
| ENST00000707115 | protein_coding | 127,737,737 | 127,741,434 |
| ENST00000707116 | protein_coding | 127,737,745 | 127,741,434 |
| ENST00000707117 | protein_coding_CDS_not_defined | 127,739,073 | 127,741,434 |
RefSeq mRNA Accessions: 9 total
| NM ID | MANE Select |
|---|---|
| NM_001177352 | — |
| NM_001177353 | — |
| NM_001177354 | — |
| NM_001272275 | — |
| NM_001354870 | — |
| NM_002467 | ✓ |
| NM_010849 | — |
| NM_012603 | — |
| NM_080323 | — |
CCDS IDs: 2 total
- CCDS6359
- CCDS87627
MANE Select / Canonical Transcript Exons
Transcript: ENST00000621592 | RefSeq: NM_002467 | Exon count: 3
| Exon ID | Start | End | Length |
|---|---|---|---|
| ENSE00003746860 | 127,736,231 | 127,736,623 | 393 bp |
| ENSE00003475084 | 127,738,248 | 127,739,019 | 771 bp |
| ENSE00003847400 | 127,740,396 | 127,742,951 | 2,556 bp |
Protein identifiers
UniProt Accessions:
- P01106 (reviewed, canonical) — Myc proto-oncogene protein
RefSeq Protein:
- NP_002458 (MANE select)
- NP_001341799
Protein Domains and Families:
| Name | Type | ID |
|---|---|---|
| Transcription regulator Myc | Family | IPR002418 |
| Myc family transcription factors | Family | IPR050433 |
| Myc-type, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain | Domain | IPR011598 |
| Transcription regulator Myc, N-terminal | Domain | IPR012682 |
| Leucine zipper, Myc | Domain | IPR003327 |
| Helix-loop-helix DNA-binding domain superfamily | Homologous superfamily | IPR036638 |
| — | Domain (PFAM) | PF00010 |
| — | Domain (PFAM) | PF01056 |
| — | Domain (PFAM) | PF02344 |
| — | Domain (SMART) | SM00353 |
Antibody Availability: No antibody resources are indexed in the biobtree antibody database for P01106. However, MYC/c-Myc antibodies are widely available from commercial vendors (e.g., Abcam, Sigma-Aldrich, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) but require direct vendor consultation as they are not cataloged in this database.
Structure
Experimental Structures
PDB Database: 25 structures
| PDB ID | Title | Method | Resolution |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1A93 | NMR solution structure of the c-Myc-Max heterodimeric leucine zipper | Solution NMR | N/A |
| 1EE4 | Crystal structure of yeast karyopherin (importin) α with c-Myc NLS peptide | X-ray Diffraction | 2.1 Å |
| 1MV0 | NMR structure of tumor suppressor BIN1 with c-Myc interaction | Solution NMR | N/A |
| 1NKP | Crystal structure of Myc-Max recognizing DNA | X-ray Diffraction | 1.8 Å |
| 2A93 | NMR solution structure of c-Myc-Max heterodimeric leucine zipper (40 structures) | Solution NMR | N/A |
| 2OR9 | Anti-c-Myc antibody 9E10 Fab fragment/epitope peptide complex | X-ray Diffraction | 2.7 Å |
| 4Y7R | WDR5 in complex with Myc MbIIIb peptide | X-ray Diffraction | 1.898 Å |
| 5I4Z | Structure of apo OmoMYC | X-ray Diffraction | 1.95 Å |
| 5I50 | OmoMYC bound to double-stranded DNA | X-ray Diffraction | 2.701 Å |
| 6C4U | Engineered FHA with Myc-pTBD peptide | X-ray Diffraction | 2.6 Å |
| 6E16 | Ternary structure of c-Myc-TBP-TAF1 | X-ray Diffraction | 2.4 Å |
| 6E24 | Ternary structure of c-Myc-TBP-TAF1 | X-ray Diffraction | 3.001 Å |
| 6G6J | Human MYC:MAX bHLHZip complex | X-ray Diffraction | 2.25 Å |
| 6G6K | Human MYC:MAX bHLHZip complex | X-ray Diffraction | 1.35 Å |
| 6G6L | Human MYC:MAX bHLHZip complex | X-ray Diffraction | 2.2 Å |
| 7T1Y | Fbw7-Skp1-MycC degron complex | X-ray Diffraction | 2.55 Å |
| 7T1Z | Fbw7-Skp1-MycN degron complex | X-ray Diffraction | 2.77 Å |
| 8J2Q | Cypovirus polyhedra mutant fused with c-Myc fragment | X-ray Diffraction | 1.92 Å |
| 8OTS | OCT4 and MYC-MAX co-bound to nucleosome | Cryo-EM | 3.3 Å |
| 8OTT | MYC-MAX bound to nucleosome at SHL+5.8 | Cryo-EM | 3.3 Å |
| 8Q1N | Cyclic peptide binder of WDR5 WBM-site | X-ray Diffraction | 1.843 Å |
| 8WLG | Cypovirus polyhedra mutant fused with c-Myc fragment | X-ray Diffraction | 2.55 Å |
| 8X8S | Cypovirus polyhedra mutant fused with c-Myc fragment | X-ray Diffraction | 2.04 Å |
| 8X8V | Cypovirus polyhedra mutant fused with c-Myc fragment | X-ray Diffraction | 2.0 Å |
| 9QNH | Myc pS294 phosphopeptide binding to 14-3-3σ | X-ray Diffraction | 1.3 Å |
Summary: 23 X-ray Diffraction structures, 2 Cryo-EM structures, 3 Solution NMR structures
Predicted Structures
AlphaFold Database: 1 model
- Model ID: P01106
- Global pLDDT: 61.38
- Fraction with high confidence (pLDDT > 70): 21%
Cross-species orthologs
| Organism | Gene ID | Symbol |
|---|---|---|
| Mouse (Mus musculus) | ENSMUSG00000022346 | Myc |
| Rat (Rattus norvegicus) | ENSRNOG00000004500 | Myc |
| Zebrafish (Danio rerio) | ENSDARG00000007241 | mycb |
| Zebrafish (Danio rerio) | ENSDARG00000045695 | myca |
| Fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) | FBGN0262656 | Myc |
| Worm (C. elegans) | none | — |
| Yeast (S. cerevisiae) | none | — |
Clinical variants & AI predictions
ClinVar: Variant Classification (46 variants)
| Classification | Count |
|---|---|
| Pathogenic | 4 |
| Likely Pathogenic | 1 |
| Uncertain Significance (VUS) | 11 |
| Benign | 7 |
| Likely Benign | 3 |
| Other/Unclassified | 20 |
ClinVar: Top Pathogenic/Likely Pathogenic Variants
| Variant ID | HGVS | Type | Classification |
|---|---|---|---|
| 12576 | NM_002467.6(MYC):c.162G>C (p.Glu54Asp) | SNV | Pathogenic |
| 12574 | NM_002467.6(MYC):c.214C>T (p.Pro72Ser) | SNV | Pathogenic |
| 12575 | NM_002467.6(MYC):c.302A>C (p.Asn101Thr) | SNV | Pathogenic |
| 2658815 | NM_002467.6(MYC):c.217A>G (p.Thr73Ala) | SNV | Pathogenic |
| 810340 | chr8:128750494-128753204x3 | CNV | Likely Pathogenic |
AlphaMissense: Likely Pathogenic Predictions (100+ variants)
Top 30 by am_pathogenicity score:
| Variant | Protein Change | Score | Class |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8:127738410:T:A | W50R | 1.000 | likely_pathogenic |
| 8:127738411:G:C | W50S | 1.000 | likely_pathogenic |
| 8:127738412:G:C | W50C | 1.000 | likely_pathogenic |
| 8:127738412:G:T | W50C | 1.000 | likely_pathogenic |
| 8:127738410:T:G | W50G | 0.999 | likely_pathogenic |
| 8:127738405:A:C | D48A | 0.998 | likely_pathogenic |
| 8:127738405:A:G | D48G | 0.996 | likely_pathogenic |
| 8:127738408:T:A | I49N | 0.996 | likely_pathogenic |
| 8:127738400:C:A | S46R | 0.996 | likely_pathogenic |
| 8:127738400:C:G | S46R | 0.996 | likely_pathogenic |
| 8:127738401:G:A | E47K | 0.982 | likely_pathogenic |
| 8:127738395:C:T | P45S | 0.980 | likely_pathogenic |
| 8:127738396:C:G | P45R | 0.980 | likely_pathogenic |
| 8:127738402:A:T | E47V | 0.992 | likely_pathogenic |
| 8:127738404:G:C | D48H | 0.998 | likely_pathogenic |
| 8:127738407:A:T | I49F | 0.968 | likely_pathogenic |
| 8:127738397:G:A | S46A | 0.904 | likely_pathogenic |
| 8:127738313:C:A | D17E | 0.781 | likely_pathogenic |
| 8:127738312:A:C | D17A | 0.914 | likely_pathogenic |
| 8:127738312:A:T | D17V | 0.932 | likely_pathogenic |
| 8:127738311:G:C | D17H | 0.937 | likely_pathogenic |
| 8:127738311:G:T | D17Y | 0.869 | likely_pathogenic |
| 8:127738323:C:T | P21S | 0.666 | likely_pathogenic |
| 8:127738324:C:T | P21L | 0.799 | likely_pathogenic |
| 8:127738330:T:C | F23S | 0.953 | likely_pathogenic |
| 8:127738329:T:C | F23L | 0.972 | likely_pathogenic |
| 8:127738395:C:A | P45T | 0.972 | likely_pathogenic |
| 8:127738393:C:A | A44E | 0.957 | likely_pathogenic |
| 8:127738305:G:C | D15H | 0.739 | likely_pathogenic |
| 8:127738312:A:G | D17G | 0.867 | likely_pathogenic |
SpliceAI: Splice Effect Predictions (522 variants)
Top 30 by score:
| Variant | Gene | Effect | Score |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8:127736622:AGGT:A | MYC | donor_loss | 0.98 |
| 8:127736623:GGT:G | MYC | donor_loss | 0.98 |
| 8:127736625:T:G | MYC | donor_loss | 0.98 |
| 8:127736624:GTAA:G | MYC | donor_loss | 0.98 |
| 8:127736610:T:TA | MYC | donor_gain | 0.97 |
| 8:127736611:A:AA | MYC | donor_gain | 0.97 |
| 8:127736620:CCAG:C | MYC | donor_gain | 0.97 |
| 8:127736196:GC:G | MYC | donor_gain | 0.77 |
| 8:127737196:G:GT | MYC | donor_gain | 0.92 |
| 8:127737196:GAA:G | MYC | donor_gain | 0.73 |
| 8:127737546:G:GT | MYC | donor_gain | 0.82 |
| 8:127737547:G:T | MYC | donor_gain | 0.85 |
| 8:127737641:G:GT | MYC | donor_gain | 0.82 |
| 8:127737654:C:T | MYC | donor_gain | 0.81 |
| 8:127737659:G:GT | MYC | donor_gain | 0.89 |
| 8:127737659:GGAGT:G | MYC | donor_gain | 0.72 |
| 8:127737660:G:GT | MYC | donor_gain | 0.88 |
| 8:127737661:A:T | MYC | donor_gain | 0.90 |
| 8:127736612:G:GG | MYC | donor_gain | 0.85 |
| 8:127736619:ACCAG:A | MYC | donor_gain | 0.93 |
| 8:127736621:CAG:C | MYC | donor_gain | 0.87 |
| 8:127736622:AG:A | MYC | donor_gain | 0.82 |
| 8:127736623:GG:G | MYC | donor_gain | 0.82 |
| 8:127736624:G:GG | MYC | donor_gain | 0.96 |
| 8:127737492:G:T | MYC | donor_gain | 0.70 |
| 8:127737492:G:GT | MYC | donor_gain | 0.64 |
| 8:127737533:ATTG:A | MYC | donor_gain | 0.63 |
| 8:127737497:ATCGC:A | MYC | donor_gain | 0.59 |
| 8:127737538:G:GG | MYC | donor_gain | 0.50 |
| 8:127737537:A:AG | MYC | donor_gain | 0.49 |
Pathways & Gene Ontology
Reactome Pathways
| Pathway ID | Pathway Name |
|---|---|
| R-HSA-1362277 | Transcription of E2F targets under negative control by DREAM complex |
| R-HSA-201556 | Signaling by ALK |
| R-HSA-2122947 | NOTCH1 Intracellular Domain Regulates Transcription |
| R-HSA-2173796 | SMAD2/SMAD3:SMAD4 heterotrimer regulates transcription |
| R-HSA-2644606 | Constitutive Signaling by NOTCH1 PEST Domain Mutants |
| R-HSA-2894862 | Constitutive Signaling by NOTCH1 HD+PEST Domain Mutants |
| R-HSA-4411364 | Binding of TCF/LEF:CTNNB1 to target gene promoters |
| R-HSA-5687128 | MAPK6/MAPK4 signaling |
| R-HSA-5689880 | Ub-specific processing proteases |
| R-HSA-6785807 | Interleukin-4 and Interleukin-13 signaling |
| R-HSA-69202 | Cyclin E associated events during G1/S transition |
| R-HSA-69656 | Cyclin A:Cdk2-associated events at S phase entry |
| R-HSA-8866911 | TFAP2 (AP-2) family regulates transcription of cell cycle factors |
| R-HSA-8951430 | RUNX3 regulates WNT signaling |
| R-HSA-9018519 | Estrogen-dependent gene expression |
| R-HSA-9616222 | Transcriptional regulation of granulopoiesis |
| R-HSA-9764562 | Regulation of CDH1 mRNA translation by microRNAs |
| R-HSA-9818749 | Regulation of NFE2L2 gene expression |
| R-HSA-9909649 | Regulation of PD-L1(CD274) transcription |
Reactome pathway count: 19
MSigDB Gene Sets
MYC participates in 100 curated gene sets including:
- Canonical pathways (C2:CP): KEGG pathways, BioCarta pathways, PID pathways, and Reactome pathways (20+ pathway databases)
- GO gene sets (C5:GO): 62 biological process/molecular function/cellular component groupings
- Transcription factor targets (C3:TFT): E2F, AP4, MYOD, and other TF binding sites
- Cancer modules (C4): 18 cancer-related co-expression modules
Total pathway & gene set count: 119 (Reactome + MSigDB)
Gene Ontology Annotations
Biological Process (BP): 59 terms
| Rank | GO ID | Term |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | GO:0045944 | Positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II |
| 2 | GO:0006357 | Regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II |
| 3 | GO:0010468 | Regulation of gene expression |
| 4 | GO:0000122 | Negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II |
| 5 | GO:0010628 | Positive regulation of gene expression |
| 6 | GO:0051276 | Chromosome organization |
| 7 | GO:0008284 | Positive regulation of cell population proliferation |
| 8 | GO:0006974 | DNA damage response |
| 9 | GO:0006338 | Chromatin remodeling |
| 10 | GO:0006366 | Transcription by RNA polymerase II |
| 11 | GO:0000165 | MAPK cascade |
| 12 | GO:0016055 | Wnt signaling pathway |
| 13 | GO:0043066 | Negative regulation of apoptotic process |
| 14 | GO:0008630 | Intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage |
| 15 | GO:0032206 | Positive regulation of telomere maintenance |
| 16 | GO:0000082 | G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle |
| 17 | GO:0010564 | Regulation of cell cycle process |
| 18 | GO:0045893 | Positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription |
| 19 | GO:0060261 | Positive regulation of transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II |
| 20 | GO:0070848 | Response to growth factor |
Molecular Function (MF): 15 terms
| Rank | GO ID | Term |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | GO:0003677 | DNA binding |
| 2 | GO:0000981 | DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific |
| 3 | GO:0001228 | DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific |
| 4 | GO:0000978 | RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding |
| 5 | GO:0001227 | DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific |
| 6 | GO:0070888 | E-box binding |
| 7 | GO:0001221 | Transcription coregulator binding |
| 8 | GO:0046983 | Protein dimerization activity |
| 9 | GO:0042802 | Identical protein binding |
| 10 | GO:0140537 | Transcription regulator activator activity |
| 11 | GO:0140297 | DNA-binding transcription factor binding |
| 12 | GO:0044877 | Protein-containing complex binding |
| 13 | GO:0001046 | Core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding |
| 14 | GO:0031625 | Ubiquitin protein ligase binding |
| 15 | GO:1905761 | SCF ubiquitin ligase complex binding |
Cellular Component (CC): 12 terms
| Rank | GO ID | Term |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | GO:0005634 | Nucleus |
| 2 | GO:0005654 | Nucleoplasm |
| 3 | GO:0071943 | Myc-Max complex |
| 4 | GO:0000785 | Chromatin |
| 5 | GO:0016604 | Nuclear body |
| 6 | GO:0032991 | Protein-containing complex |
| 7 | GO:0005730 | Nucleolus |
| 8 | GO:0005819 | Spindle |
| 9 | GO:0000791 | Euchromatin |
| 10 | GO:0090571 | RNA polymerase II transcription repressor complex |
| 11 | GO:0048471 | Perinuclear region of cytoplasm |
| 12 | GO:0030424 | Axon |
Protein interactions & networks
MYC Proto-oncogene Protein (UniProt: P01106)
Protein-protein Interactions
Total Interactions:
- STRING database: ~14,230 interactions
- BioGRID database: ~5,810 interactions
- IntAct database: ~560 interactions
- SIGNOR signaling network: ~172 interactions
TOP 30 Highest-Confidence STRING Interacting Proteins (by score):
| Rank | Gene | Protein Name | STRING Score | Score |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | TP53 | Tumor protein p53 | P04637 | 997 |
| 2 | BRCA1 | Breast cancer type 1 susceptibility | P38398 | 995 |
| 3 | EP300 | Histone acetyltransferase p300 | Q09472 | 994 |
| 4 | TRRAP | Transformation/transcription domain-associated | Q9Y4A5 | 993 |
| 5 | CDCA7L | Cell division cycle-associated 7-like | Q96GN5 | 991 |
| 6 | E2F1 | Transcription factor E2F1 | Q01094 | 990 |
| 7 | BIN1 | Myc box-dependent-interacting protein 1 | O00499 | 989 |
| 8 | MAX | Protein max | P25912 | 987 |
| 9 | ZNF346 | Zinc finger protein 346 | Q9UL40 | 986 |
| 10 | SMAD3 | SMAD family member 3 | P84022 | 983 |
| 11 | DNMT3A | DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3A | Q9Y6K1 | 983 |
| 12 | HIF1A | Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha | Q16665 | 982 |
| 13 | IGF2BP1 | Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding 1 | Q9NZI8 | 980 |
| 14 | ZBTB17 | Zinc finger BTB domain-containing 17 | Q13105 | 976 |
| 15 | AMOTL1 | Angiomotin-like protein 1 | Q8IY63 | 972 |
| 16 | KAT2B | Histone acetyltransferase KAT2B | Q92831 | 972 |
| 17 | KAT2A | Histone acetyltransferase KAT2A | Q92830 | 963 |
| 18 | HDAC1 | Histone deacetylase 1 | Q13547 | 953 |
| 19 | CCND1 | Cyclin D1 | P24385 | 951 |
| 20 | CDKN1A | Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 | P38936 | 945 |
| 21 | POU5F1 | POU domain class 5 transcription factor 1 | P31359 | 944 |
| 22 | YY1 | Yin and Yang 1 transcriptional repressor | P25490 | 943 |
| 23 | KLF4 | Kruppel-like factor 4 | P78338 | 942 |
| 24 | EZH2 | Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EZH2 | Q15910 | 940 |
| 25 | HSP90AA1 | Heat shock protein HSP90-alpha | P07900 | 939 |
| 26 | BCL2 | Apoptosis regulator BCL-2 | P10415 | 938 |
| 27 | CTNNB1 | Catenin beta-1 | P35222 | 937 |
| 28 | CUL1 | Cullin-1 | Q13616 | 935 |
| 29 | FBXW7 | F-box/WD repeat-containing protein 7 | Q969H0 | 935 |
| 30 | SOX2 | Transcription factor SOX-2 | P48431 | 933 |
Protein Similarity
Structural/Embedding Similarity (ESM2) - TOP 20 Similar Proteins:
| Rank | UniProt ID | Protein | Top Similarity | Avg Similarity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A1YG22 | MYC homolog | 0.9999 | 0.9947 |
| 2 | A2T7L5 | MYC homolog | 0.9999 | 0.9948 |
| 3 | B8XIA5 | MYC homolog | 0.9999 | 0.9948 |
| 4 | G3V909 | MYC homolog | 0.9998 | 0.9836 |
| 5 | O09015 | MYC homolog | 0.9998 | 0.9862 |
| 6 | P01102 | N-myc proto-oncogene (MYCN) | 0.9943 | 0.9867 |
| 7 | P01108 | MYCL proto-oncogene | 0.9999 | 0.9942 |
| 8 | P01109 | MYC homolog | 0.9996 | 0.9903 |
| 9 | P01110 | MYC homolog | 0.9999 | 0.9923 |
| 10 | P06171 | MYC homolog | 0.9995 | 0.9932 |
| 11 | P06295 | MYC homolog | 0.9999 | 0.9923 |
| 12 | P06646 | MYC homolog | 0.9990 | 0.9927 |
| 13 | P09416 | MYC homolog | 0.9999 | 0.9942 |
| 14 | P0C0N8 | MYC homolog | 1.0000 | 0.9921 |
| 15 | P0C0N9 | MYC homolog | 1.0000 | 0.9921 |
| 16 | P10166 | MYC homolog | 0.9993 | 0.9808 |
| 17 | P10395 | MYC homolog | 0.9998 | 0.9918 |
| 18 | P12523 | MYC homolog | 0.9998 | 0.9919 |
| 19 | P12525 | MYC homolog | 0.9941 | 0.9858 |
| 20 | P15171 | MYC homolog | 0.9995 | 0.9933 |
Sequence Homology (DIAMOND) - TOP 20 Homologous Proteins:
| Rank | UniProt ID | Protein | Identity % | Bit Score |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | P68271 | MYC homolog | 100.00 | 796 |
| 2 | P68272 | MYC homolog | 100.00 | 796 |
| 3 | P61244 | Protein MAX (co-factor) | 100.00 | 290 |
| 4 | P61245 | MYC homolog | 100.00 | 290 |
| 5 | P23583 | MYC homolog | 99.80 | 815 |
| 6 | A1YG22 | MYC homolog | 99.80 | 794 |
| 7 | P01108 | MYCL proto-oncogene | 93.80 | 770 |
| 8 | P01109 | MYC homolog | 98.80 | 662 |
| 9 | P01110 | MYC homolog | 96.90 | 662 |
| 10 | P03966 | MYC homolog | 95.20 | 757 |
| 11 | P04198 | MYC homolog | 86.90 | 681 |
| 12 | P06171 | MYC homolog | 93.60 | 676 |
| 13 | P06295 | MYC homolog | 98.60 | 670 |
| 14 | P06646 | MYC homolog | 73.30 | 477 |
| 15 | P09416 | MYC homolog | 93.80 | 778 |
| 16 | P0C0N8 | MYC homolog | 96.40 | 665 |
| 17 | P0C0N9 | MYC homolog | 96.40 | 660 |
| 18 | P10166 | MYC homolog | 89.10 | 600 |
| 19 | P10395 | MYC homolog | 99.50 | 672 |
| 20 | P12523 | MYC homolog | 99.50 | 672 |
Key Interaction Network Features:
- Hub status: MYC is a major hub protein with extensive interaction networks across transcription factors, cell cycle regulators, and epigenetic modifiers
- High-confidence partners: MAX (dimerization partner), TP53 (tumor suppressor), TRRAP (transcriptional coactivator) are among the most confident interactors
- Functional modules: Interactions span chromatin remodeling (SWI/SNF complex members), histone acetylation (HATs), transcriptional regulation (E2F1, YY1), and cell cycle control (cyclins, CDKIs)
- Orthologs: Extensive conservation across species shown in ESM2 and DIAMOND similarity data
Now let me compile the upstream regulator information from the data I collected earlier.
Transcription factor regulatory data
MYC is a proto-oncogene basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor located at 8q24.21. It encodes a crucial protein involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis regulation.
Downstream targets
Total count: 1,124 genes regulated by MYC across multiple curated databases
TOP 30 targets with regulation type and evidence:
| Target | Regulation | Evidence/Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| CDKN1A | Activation | High (36 PubMed refs) |
| CDKN1B | Repression | High (22 PubMed refs) |
| CDKN2A | Activation | High (16 PubMed refs) |
| TP53 | Activation | High (14 PubMed refs) |
| BRCA1 | Activation | High (8 PubMed refs) |
| CCND1 | Repression | High (12 PubMed refs) |
| CCND2 | Activation | High (11 PubMed refs) |
| ENO1 | Activation | High (5 PubMed refs) |
| LDHA | Activation | High (6 PubMed refs) |
| CDK4 | Activation | High (9 PubMed refs) |
| CCNA2 | Unknown | High (7 PubMed refs) |
| RCC1 | Unknown | High (4 PubMed refs) |
| TOP1 | Unknown | High (1 PubMed ref) |
| GAPDH | Unknown | High (1 PubMed ref) |
| CDK2 | Unknown | High (3 PubMed refs) |
| TRRAP | Unknown | High (4 PubMed refs) |
| PRMT1 | Unknown | High (1 PubMed ref) |
| EZH2 | Unknown | High (2 PubMed refs) |
| BIN1 | Unknown | High (3 PubMed refs) |
| BMI1 | Activation | High (4 PubMed refs) |
| BRCA1 | Activation | High (8 PubMed refs) |
| HSPD1 | Activation | Low (6 PubMed refs) |
| RAD51 | Activation | Low (2 PubMed refs) |
| CDK6 | Activation | Low (3 PubMed refs) |
| RUVBL2 | Activation | Low (1 PubMed ref) |
| PCNA | Unknown | Low (6 PubMed refs) |
| BAX | Unknown | Low (3 PubMed refs) |
| PTEN | Unknown | Low (3 PubMed refs) |
| SLC2A1 | Activation | Curated (1 PubMed ref) |
| PKM | Unknown | Curated |
Evidence types: ChIP-seq and predicted interactions from curated sources including TFactS, TRRUST, DoRothEA, ExTRI, SIGNOR, GEREDB, and HTRI databases
DNA binding motifs (JASPAR)
Motif family: Basic helix-loop-helix factors (bHLH) / bHLH-ZIP family
| Motif ID | Name | Collection | Family | Species |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MA0059.1 | MAX::MYC | CORE | bHLH-ZIP | Homo sapiens |
| MA0059.2 | MAX::MYC | CORE | bHLH-ZIP | Homo sapiens |
| MA0147.3 | MYC | CORE | bHLH-ZIP | Homo sapiens |
| MA0147.4 | MYC | CORE | bHLH-ZIP | Homo sapiens |
MYC binds DNA predominantly as a heterodimer with MAX protein, forming bHLH-ZIP complexes that recognize canonical E-box sequences (CANNTG motifs).
Upstream regulators
TFs that regulate MYC (sample of 30+): These include E2F family members (E2F1 with High confidence), stress-responsive factors (CTCF, CTNNB1, ESR1/ESR2), developmental TFs (FOXM1, HOXB13), repressive factors (AP1, FOS/FOSB, JUN/JUND, GLI1/GLI2, KLF11), and post-translational regulators (MAX, CNBP, FUBP1). Multiple evidence types: ChIP-seq (high confidence), predicted binding (medium confidence), and experimentally validated interactions.
Drug & pharmacology data
MYC is an established drug target. The human MYC protein (UniProt P01106, Ensembl ENSG00000136997) has 100 targeting molecules in ChEMBL as of this biobtree snapshot, with varying development stages. Most are preclinical research compounds.
Top molecules by development phase
Phase 2:
- CHEMBL4297458 (EZOBRESIB / BMS-986158) — BET inhibitor (bromodomain/extra-terminal domain inhibitor)
- Mechanism: Inhibits BRD4-mediated MYC transcription; indirect MYC suppression
- Targets: BRD4, BRD2, BRD3, MYC
- Indications: Multiple myeloma, select advanced cancers
- 4 active clinical trials (2 completed, 1 active, 1 recruiting; phases 1/2)
Phase 3:
- CHEMBL165 (RESVERATROL) — Polyphenol with broad activity
- Mechanism: Multiple targets (90 ChEMBL targets); weak direct MYC inhibition; primarily SIRT1/resveratrol pathway
- Indications: Diabetes, cardiovascular disease, aging-related conditions
- 14 clinical trials (primarily phase 1–2 studies; many completed)
Preclinical (Phase 0):
- CHEMBL1957266 (JQ1) — BET inhibitor (research compound)
- Mechanism: BRD4 inhibition; first-in-class BET inhibitor
- CHEMBL3133807 (BROMOSPORINE/BSP) — BET inhibitor (research compound)
- Mechanism: Dual BRD4/PROTAC degrader activity
Additional molecules: ~96 compounds remain at preclinical phase (phase 0) or unknown development status, primarily small molecule screening hits with weak reported activity.
Clinical trials (top 20 related to MYC targeting)
EZOBRESIB trials:
- NCT02419417 — Phase 1/2, COMPLETED — “Select Advanced Cancers” (BMS-986158)
- NCT04817007 — Phase 1/2, ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING — Myelofibrosis (BMS-986158 ± ruxolitinib/fedratinib)
- NCT05372354 — Phase 1/2, RECRUITING — Relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (CC-92480/BMS-986348 + combination)
- NCT03936465 — Phase 1, COMPLETED — Pediatric cancer (BMS-986158/BMS-986378)
RESVERATROL trials (representative): 5. NCT07332819 — Phase 2/3, COMPLETED — Diabetic nephropathy 6. NCT02616822 — Phase 1, COMPLETED — Endothelial function in hypertension 7. NCT03762096 — Phase undefined, ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING — Cardiovascular surgery outcomes 8. NCT02625376 — Phase undefined, TERMINATED — Age-related macular degeneration
(Additional 6+ resveratrol trials in pharmacokinetics, PCOS, cognition, metabolism; mostly early phase)
Pharmacogenomics & dosing
No established MYC-gene pharmacogenomic interactions are catalogued in pharmGKB or standard databases. MYC functions primarily as a transcription factor; common genetic variants affecting drug response to MYC inhibitors have not been systematically identified. Current MYC-targeting drugs are dosed by clinical protocol (e.g., EZOBRESIB: phase 2 dose escalation in trials) rather than genetic stratification.
Note: Most clinical development has focused on BET inhibitors (EZOBRESIB, JQ1 analogs) that indirectly suppress MYC via BRD4 inhibition, rather than direct MYC-binding small molecules. Direct MYC protein-protein interaction disruptors and PROTAC-based MYC degraders remain largely in preclinical development.
Expression profiles
Tissue Expression (Bgee)
MYC shows ubiquitous expression across human tissues with an average expression score of 85.01 (max 99.12). Expression is broadly distributed across 282 distinct anatomical conditions.
| Rank | Tissue | Expression Score | Quality |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Upper leg skin | 99.12 | Gold |
| 2 | Vena cava | 99.08 | Gold |
| 3 | Left uterine tube | 98.80 | Gold |
| 4 | Skin of abdomen | 98.56 | Gold |
| 5 | Mucosa of stomach | 98.26 | Gold |
| 6 | Penis | 98.18 | Gold |
| 7 | Peritoneum | 97.68 | Gold |
| 8 | Omental fat pad | 97.68 | Gold |
| 9 | Mucosa of urinary bladder | 97.59 | Gold |
| 10 | Skin of leg | 97.54 | Gold |
| 11 | Pericardium | 97.34 | Gold |
| 12 | Gall bladder | 97.31 | Gold |
| 13 | Adipose tissue (abdominal region) | 96.85 | Gold |
| 14 | Zone of skin | 96.75 | Gold |
| 15 | Cartilage tissue | 96.67 | Gold |
| 16 | Mammary duct | 96.66 | Gold |
| 17 | Nipple | 96.19 | Gold |
| 18 | Right ovary | 96.08 | Gold |
| 19 | Left ovary | 95.95 | Gold |
| 20 | Esophagus mucosa | 95.81 | Gold |
| 21 | Epithelium of mammary gland | 95.65 | Gold |
| 22 | Parotid gland | 95.62 | Gold |
| 23 | Trachea | 95.53 | Gold |
| 24 | Synovial joint | 95.20 | Gold |
| 25 | Skin of hip | 95.18 | Gold |
| 26 | Pharyngeal mucosa | 94.93 | Gold |
| 27 | Subcutaneous adipose tissue | 94.77 | Gold |
| 28 | Mammalian vulva | 94.76 | Gold |
| 29 | Body of pancreas | 94.68 | Gold |
| 30 | Vermiform appendix | 94.67 | Gold |
Key tissue-specific patterns:
- Skin-enriched: Multiple skin regions rank in top 14 (leg, abdomen, hip, zone of skin)
- Reproductive tissue-enriched: High expression in uterine tubes, ovaries, mammary tissue, penis
- Adipose tissue-enriched: Both subcutaneous and omental fat pads show high expression
- Mucosal barriers: GI tract (stomach, esophagus), urinary bladder, and pharyngeal mucosa all highly expressed
Single-Cell Expression (SCXA - Single Cell Expression Atlas)
MYC is a marker gene in 20/20 SCXA datasets (max mean expression: 1,374.6 TPM), indicating strong and consistent cell-type specific expression across multiple single-cell experiments.
| Experiment ID | Dataset Description | Cell Count | Species |
|---|---|---|---|
| E-HCAD-6 | CD34+ cells from bone marrow (hematopoiesis) | 34,596 | Homo sapiens |
| E-MTAB-6701 | Fetal-maternal interface (first trimester) | 135,071 | Homo sapiens |
| E-MTAB-9841 | Mammary epithelial cells (lactating vs non-lactating) | 92,071 | Homo sapiens |
| E-HCAD-29 | GM-CSF-producing T helper cells | 78,686 | Homo sapiens |
| E-MTAB-10885 | Milk tissue vs non-lactating breast | 28,628 | Homo sapiens |
| E-MTAB-8205 | hPSC-derived endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition | 25,764 | Homo sapiens |
| E-MTAB-9067 | Fetal liver and bone marrow hematopoiesis | 5,865 | Homo sapiens |
| E-MTAB-6524 | Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) | 10,926 | Homo sapiens |
| E-MTAB-8271 | Haemogenic endothelium (hPSC differentiation) | 2,784 | Homo sapiens |
| E-MTAB-8884 | Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia stem cells | 9,386 | Homo sapiens |
| E-GEOD-75688 | Primary breast cancer cells & metastases | 549 | Homo sapiens |
| E-CURD-6 | Bone marrow with aneuploid cells | 1,024 | Homo sapiens |
| E-ENAD-20 | PDX model (BRAF/MEK inhibitor response) | 674 | Homo sapiens |
| E-MTAB-8911 | Chronic GVHD T-lymphocytes | 19,075 | Homo sapiens |
Notable cell populations and patterns:
- Hematopoietic progenitors & stem cells: Strong marker in CD34+ bone marrow cells, hematopoietic endothelium, and fetal liver HSCs — consistent with MYC’s role in cell proliferation and hematopoiesis
- Reproductive tissue: High in lactating/non-lactating mammary epithelium and fetal trophoblast (E-MTAB-6701), reflecting proliferative remodeling
- T cell lineage: Enriched in GM-CSF-producing helper T cells, consistent with MYC’s role in T cell activation and proliferation
- Cancer/stressed states: Highly expressed in acute myeloid leukemia stem cells, PDX models under treatment, and chronic GVHD — reflecting elevated proliferation and stress response
- iPSCs & endothelial transition: Marker in pluripotent and differentiating progenitor states, expected given MYC’s role in stemness and proliferation
Disease associations
Mendelian / Monogenic Diseases
| Disease | ID | Inheritance | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Burkitt lymphoma | MONDO:0007243 / Orphanet:543 / OMIM:113970 | Unknown | Curated (GenCC, ClinVar) |
| Classic Hodgkin lymphoma | MONDO:0009348 / Orphanet:391 | Unknown | ClinVar |
| Cholesteatoma of middle ear | MONDO:0006533 | Unknown | ClinVar |
| Primary ovarian failure | MONDO:0005387 | Unknown | ClinVar |
Phenotype Associations (HPO Terms)
| HPO ID | Phenotype |
|---|---|
| HP:0030080 | Burkitt lymphoma |
| HP:0005561 | Abnormal bone marrow cell morphology |
| HP:0002733 | Abnormal lymph node morphology |
| HP:0002721 | Immunodeficiency |
| HP:0025435 | Increased circulating lactate dehydrogenase concentration |
| HP:0032218 | Decreased CD4+ T cell proportion |
| HP:0001442 | Typified by somatic mosaicism |
| HP:0005214 | Intestinal obstruction |
| HP:0002239 | Gastrointestinal hemorrhage |
| HP:0002149 | Hyperuricemia |
| HP:0100649 | Neoplasm of the oral cavity |
| HP:0002027 | Abdominal pain |
| HP:0002017 | Nausea and vomiting |
| HP:0001743 | Abnormality of the spleen |
| HP:0001732 | Abnormality of the pancreas |
| HP:0001392 | Abnormality of the liver |
| HP:0000137 | Abnormality of the ovary |
| HP:0003745 | Sporadic |
Complex-Disease / GWAS Associations (Top 30)
| Trait/Disease | Associated Genes | p-value | Study |
|---|---|---|---|
| Non-glioblastoma glioma | CCDC26 | 8.0e-36 | GCST005933_9 |
| Non-glioblastoma glioma | CCDC26 | 2.0e-65 | GCST005933_10 |
| Colorectal cancer or advanced adenoma | PCAT1, CASC8, POU5F1B, CCAT2 | 3.0e-64 | GCST007856_84 |
| Colorectal cancer or advanced adenoma | POU5F1B, PCAT1, CASC8 | 2.0e-56 | GCST007856_6 |
| Glioma | CCDC26 | 1.0e-39 | GCST005931_16 |
| Asthma (childhood onset) | MYC - PVT1 | 1.0e-23 | GCST007800_55 |
| Prostate-specific antigen levels | PCAT1, CASC8, POU5F1B | 7.0e-21 | GCST004093_26 |
| Bladder cancer | CASC11 | 2.0e-18 | GCST000842_5 |
| Prostate cancer | CASC8 | 6.0e-18 | GCST002421_6 |
| Nonsyndromic cleft lip with cleft palate | CCDC26 | 8.0e-16 | GCST004166_56 |
| Asthma | MYC - PVT1 | 3.0e-15 | GCST010043_160 |
| Breast cancer | PVT1 | 1.0e-13 | GCST004988_564 |
| Endometrial cancer | LINC00824 - CCDC26 | 8.0e-14 | GCST006464_13 |
| Colorectal cancer | PCAT1, CASC8, POU5F1B, CCAT2 | 4.0e-14 | GCST003017_15 |
| Glioma | CCDC26 | 1.0e-14 | GCST005931_2 |
| Allergic disease (asthma, hay fever or eczema) | PVT1 | 6.0e-14 | GCST005038_17 |
| Asthma | MYC - PVT1 | 1.0e-14 | GCST010042_34 |
| Endometrial endometrioid carcinoma | LINC00824 - CCDC26 | 1.0e-13 | GCST003525_2 |
| Diffuse large B cell lymphoma | PVT1 | 1.0e-12 | GCST002636_5 |
| Urinary bladder cancer | CASC11 | 9.0e-12 | GCST000231_2 |
| Colorectal cancer | PCAT1, CASC8, POU5F1B | 8.0e-13 | GCST002411_9 |
| Ovarian cancer | LINC00824 | 3.0e-12 | GCST001941_3 |
| Urinary bladder cancer | CASC11 | 7.0e-12 | GCST000639_1 |
| Renal cell carcinoma | PVT1 | 5.0e-11 | GCST002273_1 |
| Breast cancer | PVT1 | 3.0e-11 | GCST001937_34 |
| Colorectal cancer | PCAT1, CASC8, POU5F1B | 1.0e-11 | GCST001787_1 |
| Diffuse large B cell lymphoma | RN7SKP226 - LINC00824 | 4.0e-11 | GCST002636_6 |
| Asthma | MYC - PVT1 | 2.0e-11 | GCST007798_112 |
| Prostate cancer (early onset) | PCAT1, CASC8, POU5F1B | 9.0e-09 | GCST002413_8 |
| Multiple sclerosis | PVT1 | 8.0e-09 | GCST001198_62 |
Key observations: MYC is strongly associated with lymphomas (Burkitt lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma) through point mutations, and with numerous cancers and autoimmune traits through GWAS signals in the MYC locus region, primarily involving adjacent long non-coding RNAs (PVT1, CASC8, LINC00824) rather than MYC itself.