LDLR - Comprehensive Cross-Database Identifier and Functional Mapping Reference
Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor (Human)
Section 1: Gene Identifiers
| Database | Identifier | Description |
|---|
| HGNC | HGNC:6547 | Approved symbol: LDLR |
| Ensembl Gene | ENSG00000130164 | Primary Ensembl gene ID |
| NCBI Entrez Gene | 3949 | NCBI Gene ID |
| OMIM | 606945 | Gene/locus MIM number |
Genomic Location (GRCh38/hg38)
| Feature | Value |
|---|
| Chromosome | 19 |
| Cytogenetic Band | 19p13.2 |
| Start Position | 11,089,418 |
| End Position | 11,133,830 |
| Strand | + (positive) |
| Gene Length | 44,413 bp |
Gene Information
- Approved Name: low density lipoprotein receptor
- Locus Type: gene with protein product
- Status: Approved
- Aliases: LDLCQ2, FH, FHC, FHCL1
- Gene Groups: Low density lipoprotein receptors, MicroRNA protein coding host genes
Section 2: Transcript Identifiers
Ensembl Transcripts
Total Transcripts: 28
| Transcript ID | Biotype | Start | End | Strand |
|---|
| ENST00000252444 | protein_coding | 11,090,579 | 11,133,816 | + |
| ENST00000455727 | protein_coding | 11,089,463 | 11,131,484 | + |
| ENST00000535915 | protein_coding | 11,089,463 | 11,131,538 | + |
| ENST00000545707 | protein_coding | 11,089,463 | 11,131,610 | + |
| ENST00000557933 | protein_coding | 11,089,462 | 11,131,525 | + |
| ENST00000557958 | retained_intron | 11,089,463 | 11,104,268 | + |
| ENST00000558013 | protein_coding | 11,089,478 | 11,131,812 | + |
| ENST00000558518 | protein_coding | 11,089,463 | 11,133,820 | + |
| ENST00000558528 | retained_intron | 11,106,356 | 11,107,515 | + |
| ENST00000559340 | nonsense_mediated_decay | 11,089,418 | 11,133,796 | + |
| ENST00000560173 | retained_intron | 11,110,713 | 11,113,481 | + |
| ENST00000560467 | protein_coding | 11,089,464 | 11,133,816 | + |
| ENST00000560502 | retained_intron | 11,089,463 | 11,100,578 | + |
| ENST00000560628 | protein_coding_CDS_not_defined | 11,127,547 | 11,133,521 | + |
| ENST00000713991 | nonsense_mediated_decay | 11,089,464 | 11,133,812 | + |
| ENST00000856645 | protein_coding | 11,089,463 | 11,133,225 | + |
| ENST00000856646 | protein_coding | 11,089,430 | 11,132,744 | + |
| ENST00000856647 | protein_coding | 11,089,494 | 11,132,744 | + |
| ENST00000856648 | protein_coding | 11,089,509 | 11,132,744 | + |
| ENST00000913405 | protein_coding | 11,089,421 | 11,133,820 | + |
| ENST00000913406 | protein_coding | 11,089,423 | 11,133,820 | + |
| ENST00000913407 | protein_coding | 11,089,452 | 11,133,830 | + |
| ENST00000913408 | protein_coding | 11,089,452 | 11,133,818 | + |
| ENST00000913409 | protein_coding | 11,089,455 | 11,133,817 | + |
| ENST00000913410 | protein_coding | 11,089,464 | 11,133,816 | + |
| ENST00000913411 | protein_coding | 11,089,455 | 11,133,562 | + |
| ENST00000913412 | protein_coding | 11,089,420 | 11,133,243 | + |
| ENST00000942040 | protein_coding | 11,089,471 | 11,132,552 | + |
RefSeq Transcripts (Human)
Total Human RefSeq mRNAs: 10
| RefSeq ID | Type | Status | MANE Select |
|---|
| NM_000527 | mRNA | REVIEWED | Yes (Canonical) |
| NM_001195798 | mRNA | REVIEWED | No |
| NM_001195799 | mRNA | REVIEWED | No |
| NM_001195800 | mRNA | REVIEWED | No |
| NM_001195803 | mRNA | REVIEWED | No |
| NM_001406861 | mRNA | REVIEWED | No |
| XM_011528010 | mRNA | PREDICTED | No |
| XM_047438831 | mRNA | PREDICTED | No |
| XM_054321014 | mRNA | PREDICTED | No |
| XM_054321015 | mRNA | PREDICTED | No |
CCDS IDs
Total: 5
| CCDS ID |
|---|
| CCDS12254 |
| CCDS56083 |
| CCDS56084 |
| CCDS56085 |
| CCDS58651 |
Canonical Transcript Exons (ENST00000252444)
Total Exons: 18
| Exon ID | Start | End | Length (bp) |
|---|
| ENSE00002564945 | 11,090,579 | 11,090,919 | 341 |
| ENSE00004011963 | 11,100,223 | 11,100,345 | 123 |
| ENSE00004011966 | 11,102,664 | 11,102,786 | 123 |
| ENSE00004011965 | 11,105,220 | 11,105,600 | 381 |
| ENSE00004011970 | 11,106,565 | 11,106,687 | 123 |
| ENSE00004011967 | 11,107,392 | 11,107,514 | 123 |
| ENSE00004011958 | 11,110,652 | 11,110,771 | 120 |
| ENSE00004011968 | 11,111,514 | 11,111,639 | 126 |
| ENSE00002568469 | 11,113,278 | 11,113,449 | 172 |
| ENSE00003509370 | 11,113,535 | 11,113,762 | 228 |
| ENSE00003604878 | 11,116,094 | 11,116,212 | 119 |
| ENSE00003482036 | 11,116,859 | 11,116,998 | 140 |
| ENSE00003464579 | 11,120,092 | 11,120,233 | 142 |
| ENSE00003463530 | 11,120,370 | 11,120,522 | 153 |
| ENSE00003501255 | 11,123,174 | 11,123,344 | 171 |
| ENSE00003629410 | 11,128,008 | 11,128,085 | 78 |
| ENSE00003680438 | 11,129,513 | 11,129,670 | 158 |
| ENSE00004011960 | 11,131,281 | 11,133,816 | 2,536 |
Section 3: Protein Identifiers
UniProt Accessions
Total: 6
| UniProt ID | Type | Description |
|---|
| P01130 | Reviewed (Swiss-Prot) | Canonical entry |
| A0AAQ5BHB8 | Unreviewed (TrEMBL) | Isoform |
| H0YM92 | Unreviewed (TrEMBL) | Isoform |
| H0YMD1 | Unreviewed (TrEMBL) | Isoform |
| H0YMQ3 | Unreviewed (TrEMBL) | Isoform |
| J3KMZ9 | Unreviewed (TrEMBL) | Isoform |
Canonical Protein (P01130) Properties
| Property | Value |
|---|
| Length | 860 amino acids |
| Mass | 95,376 Da |
RefSeq Proteins (Human)
| RefSeq ID | Type | Status | MANE Select |
|---|
| NP_000518 | protein | REVIEWED | Yes |
| NP_001182727 | protein | REVIEWED | No |
| NP_001182728 | protein | REVIEWED | No |
| NP_001182729 | protein | REVIEWED | No |
| NP_001182732 | protein | REVIEWED | No |
| NP_001393790 | protein | REVIEWED | No |
| XP_011526312 | predicted_protein | PREDICTED | No |
| XP_047294787 | predicted_protein | PREDICTED | No |
| XP_054176989 | predicted_protein | PREDICTED | No |
| XP_054176990 | predicted_protein | PREDICTED | No |
Protein Domains and Families
Total InterPro Entries: 12
| InterPro ID | Name | Type |
|---|
| IPR000033 | LDLR_classB_rpt | Repeat |
| IPR000152 | EGF-type_Asp/Asn_hydroxyl_site | PTM |
| IPR000742 | EGF | Domain |
| IPR001881 | EGF-like_Ca-bd_dom | Domain |
| IPR002172 | LDrepeatLR_classA_rpt | Repeat |
| IPR009030 | Growth_fac_rcpt_cys_sf | Homologous_superfamily |
| IPR011042 | 6-blade_b-propeller_TolB-like | Homologous_superfamily |
| IPR018097 | EGF_Ca-bd_CS | Conserved_site |
| IPR023415 | LDLR_class-A_CS | Conserved_site |
| IPR036055 | LDL_receptor-like_sf | Homologous_superfamily |
| IPR049883 | NOTCH1_EGF-like | Domain |
| IPR051221 | LDLR-related | Family |
Section 4: Structure Identifiers
Experimental Structures (PDB)
Total PDB Structures: 36
| PDB ID | Title | Method | Resolution |
|---|
| 1AJJ | LDL RECEPTOR LIGAND-BINDING MODULE 5 | X-RAY DIFFRACTION | 1.7 Å |
| 1D2J | LDL RECEPTOR LIGAND-BINDING MODULE 6 | SOLUTION NMR | - |
| 1F5Y | NMR STRUCTURE FIRST AND SECOND LIGAND-BINDING MODULES | SOLUTION NMR | - |
| 1F8Z | NMR STRUCTURE SIXTH LIGAND-BINDING MODULE | SOLUTION NMR | - |
| 1HJ7 | LDL RECEPTOR Ca2+ BINDING EGF-LIKE DOMAINS | SOLUTION NMR | - |
| 1HZ8 | EGF-HOMOLOGY MODULES | SOLUTION NMR | - |
| 1I0U | EGF-HOMOLOGY MODULES | SOLUTION NMR | - |
| 1IJQ | YWTD-EGF DOMAIN PAIR | X-RAY DIFFRACTION | 1.5 Å |
| 1LDL | CYSTEINE-RICH REPEAT | SOLUTION NMR | - |
| 1LDR | SECOND REPEAT LIGAND-BINDING DOMAIN | SOLUTION NMR | - |
| 1N7D | EXTRACELLULAR DOMAIN | X-RAY DIFFRACTION | 3.7 Å |
| 1XFE | LA7-EGFA PAIR | SOLUTION NMR | - |
| 2FCW | LIGAND-BINDING MODULES 3-4 WITH RAP | X-RAY DIFFRACTION | 1.26 Å |
| 2KRI | COMPLEX WITH BETA2-GLYCOPROTEIN I | SOLUTION NMR | - |
| 2LGP | LA45 FROM LDLR | SOLUTION NMR | - |
| 2M7P | RXFP1 WITH LDLA MODULE | SOLUTION NMR | - |
| 2MG9 | TRUNCATED EGF-A | SOLUTION NMR | - |
| 2W2M | PCSK9-DELTAC WITH EGF-A | X-RAY DIFFRACTION | 2.4 Å |
| 2W2N | PCSK9-DELTAC WITH EGF-A H306Y | X-RAY DIFFRACTION | 2.3 Å |
| 2W2O | PCSK9 D374Y WITH EGF-A | X-RAY DIFFRACTION | 2.62 Å |
| 2W2P | PCSK9 D374A WITH EGF-A | X-RAY DIFFRACTION | 2.62 Å |
| 2W2Q | PCSK9 D374H WITH EGF-A | X-RAY DIFFRACTION | 2.33 Å |
| 3BPS | PCSK9:EGF-A COMPLEX | X-RAY DIFFRACTION | 2.41 Å |
| 3GCW | PCSK9:EGFA(H306Y) | X-RAY DIFFRACTION | 2.7 Å |
| 3GCX | PCSK9:EGFA (pH 7.4) | X-RAY DIFFRACTION | 2.7 Å |
| 3M0C | PCSK9 WITH LDL RECEPTOR | X-RAY DIFFRACTION | 7.01 Å |
| 3P5B | LDLR/PCSK9 COMPLEX | X-RAY DIFFRACTION | 3.3 Å |
| 3P5C | LDLR/PCSK9 COMPLEX | X-RAY DIFFRACTION | 4.2 Å |
| 3SO6 | LDL RECEPTOR TAIL WITH ARH PTB DOMAIN | X-RAY DIFFRACTION | 1.37 Å |
| 4NE9 | PCSK9 WITH LDLR PEPTIDE | X-RAY DIFFRACTION | 2.6 Å |
| 5OY9 | VSV G CR3 | X-RAY DIFFRACTION | 3.6 Å |
| 5OYL | VSV G CR2 | X-RAY DIFFRACTION | 2.25 Å |
| 9BD8 | ApoB 100 BETA BARREL WITH LDLR | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 4.8 Å |
| 9BDE | ApoB 100 WITH LDLR | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 4.18 Å |
| 9BDT | ApoB 100 WITH LDL RECEPTOR | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 5.4 Å |
| 9COO | NANOBODY WITH ApoB 100 | ELECTRON MICROSCOPY | 3.73 Å |
Predicted Structure (AlphaFold)
| AlphaFold ID | Global pLDDT | Length | Fraction Very High Confidence |
|---|
| P01130 | 75.81 | 6,651 | 0.29 (29%) |
Section 5: Cross-Species Orthologs
| Species | Ensembl Gene ID | Symbol | Biotype |
|---|
| Mouse (Mus musculus) | ENSMUSG00000032193 | Ldlr | protein_coding |
| Rat (Rattus norvegicus) | ENSRNOG00000009946 | Ldlr | protein_coding |
| Zebrafish (Danio rerio) | ENSDARG00000075974 | si:dkey-258f14.3 | protein_coding |
| Zebrafish (Danio rerio) | ENSDARG00000095925 | si:dkey-258f14.7 | protein_coding |
| Fruit fly (D. melanogaster) | FBGN0000119 | arr | protein_coding |
| Fruit fly (D. melanogaster) | FBGN0026403 | Ndg | protein_coding |
Note: No orthologs identified in C. elegans or S. cerevisiae
Section 6: Clinical Variants & AI Predictions
ClinVar Summary
Total Variants: 4,658+
| Classification | Count |
|---|
| Pathogenic | 500+ |
| Likely Pathogenic | 500+ |
| Uncertain Significance (VUS) | 2,000+ |
| Likely Benign | 1,000+ |
| Benign | 200+ |
TOP 50 Pathogenic Variants (Expert Panel Reviewed Priority)
| ClinVar ID | HGVS Notation | Type | Review Status |
|---|
| 161266 | c.301G>A (p.Glu101Lys) | SNV | Expert panel |
| 161268 | c.862G>A (p.Glu288Lys) | SNV | Expert panel |
| 161269 | c.296C>G (p.Ser99Ter) | SNV | Expert panel |
| 161271 | c.1775G>A (p.Gly592Glu) | SNV | Expert panel |
| 161277 | c.1432G>A (p.Gly478Arg) | SNV | Expert panel |
| 161284 | c.1444G>A (p.Asp482Asn) | SNV | Expert panel |
| 161285 | c.1474G>A (p.Asp492Asn) | SNV | Expert panel |
| 161287 | c.798T>A (p.Asp266Glu) | SNV | Expert panel |
| 161290 | c.1783C>T (p.Arg595Trp) | SNV | Expert panel |
| 162499 | c.1359-1G>A | Splice | Expert panel |
| 1052293 | c.1706A>T (p.Asp569Val) | SNV | Single submitter |
| 1068547 | c.1187-1_1187delinsTA | Indel | Single submitter |
| 1069255 | c.1503_1504dup (p.Asp502fs) | Dup | Single submitter |
| 1071946 | c.1411del (p.Arg471fs) | Del | Single submitter |
| 1072924 | c.1356C>A (p.Cys452Ter) | SNV | Single submitter |
| 1073028 | c.1516dup (p.Val506fs) | Dup | Single submitter |
| 1073362 | c.1824del (p.Phe609fs) | Del | Single submitter |
| 1075416 | c.678_681dup (p.Glu228Ter) | Dup | Multiple submitters |
| 1075455 | c.2530_2542del (p.Gly844fs) | Del | Single submitter |
| 1076861 | c.1531_1532dup (p.Leu511fs) | Dup | Single submitter |
| 1076971 | c.2449_2453del (p.Asn817fs) | Del | Single submitter |
| 1120258 | c.1061-1G>T | Splice | Single submitter |
| 1120259 | c.1070_1071dup (p.Cys358fs) | Dup | Single submitter |
| 1163620 | c.1137T>A (p.Cys379Ter) | SNV | Multiple submitters |
| 1163722 | c.1358+1G>C | Splice | Single submitter |
| 1220548 | c.181G>T (p.Glu61Ter) | SNV | No assertion |
| 1300653 | c.1037dup (p.Val347fs) | Dup | Single submitter |
| 1334396 | c.413C>A (p.Ser138Ter) | SNV | Single submitter |
| 1334399 | c.2022dup (p.Gly675fs) | Dup | Multiple submitters |
| 1341564 | c.1586+1G>C | Splice | Single submitter |
| 1371905 | c.1222G>T (p.Glu408Ter) | SNV | Single submitter |
| 1372829 | c.331C>T (p.Gln111Ter) | SNV | Multiple submitters |
| 1410201 | c.1171del (p.Ala391fs) | Del | Single submitter |
| 1418589 | c.2191_2195dup (p.Ser732fs) | Dup | Single submitter |
| 1420888 | c.1661del (p.Ser554fs) | Del | Single submitter |
| 1423897 | c.2193dup (p.Ser732fs) | Dup | Single submitter |
| 1452256 | c.17G>A (p.Trp6Ter) | SNV | Multiple submitters |
| 1452737 | c.2282_2309dup (p.Gln770fs) | Dup | Single submitter |
| 1454181 | c.2488A>T (p.Lys830Ter) | SNV | Single submitter |
| 1454247 | c.2128_2131dup (p.Cys711Ter) | Dup | Single submitter |
| 1454897 | c.116dup (p.Cys39fs) | Dup | Single submitter |
| 1455072 | c.97_115del (p.Gln33fs) | Del | Single submitter |
| 1455437 | c.620_626del (p.Gly207fs) | Del | Single submitter |
| 1455439 | c.2485C>T (p.Gln829Ter) | SNV | Single submitter |
| 1455835 | c.108_109insT (p.Gly37fs) | Ins | Single submitter |
| 1457599 | c.1167del (p.Lys390fs) | Del | Single submitter |
| 1457613 | c.2232_2290del (p.Pro745fs) | Del | Single submitter |
| 1459377 | c.2194_2198dup (p.Thr734fs) | Dup | Single submitter |
| 1685923 | c.106G>T (p.Asp36Tyr) | SNV | Single submitter |
| 1727785 | c.1129T>C (p.Cys377Arg) | SNV | Multiple submitters |
SpliceAI Predictions
Total Predicted Splice-Altering Variants: 2,205
| Variant | Effect | Delta Score |
|---|
| 19:11089614:AGGTA:A | donor_loss | 1.00 |
| 19:11089617:T:A | donor_loss | 1.00 |
| 19:11089612:GCAG:G | donor_gain | 0.99 |
| 19:11089616:G:GG | donor_gain | 0.99 |
| 19:11090857:TTGAA:T | donor_gain | 0.92 |
| 19:11091642:G:GT | donor_gain | 0.88 |
| 19:11089613:CAG:C | donor_gain | 0.84 |
| 19:11089614:AG:A | donor_gain | 0.82 |
| 19:11089615:GG:G | donor_gain | 0.82 |
| 19:11090351:GC:G | donor_gain | 0.76 |
| 19:11090922:GGGGC:G | donor_gain | 0.75 |
| 19:11091503:GGA:G | donor_gain | 0.73 |
| 19:11091504:GAG:G | donor_gain | 0.73 |
| 19:11091653:C:T | donor_gain | 0.72 |
| 19:11091977:G:GT | donor_gain | 0.71 |
| 19:11091582:C:T | donor_gain | 0.69 |
| 19:11091573:A:T | donor_gain | 0.68 |
| 19:11091637:T:G | donor_gain | 0.67 |
| 19:11091064:T:A | donor_gain | 0.66 |
| 19:11089507:T:TA | donor_gain | 0.63 |
AlphaMissense Predictions
Total Predictions: 5,750
TOP 50 Likely Pathogenic Missense Variants:
| Variant | Protein Change | Pathogenicity Score | Classification |
|---|
| 19:11100291:T:A | C46S | 0.998 | likely_pathogenic |
| 19:11100309:T:A | C52S | 0.998 | likely_pathogenic |
| 19:11100250:T:G | F32C | 0.998 | likely_pathogenic |
| 19:11100234:T:A | C27S | 0.976 | likely_pathogenic |
| 19:11100257:C:G | C34W | 0.994 | likely_pathogenic |
| 19:11100270:T:A | C39S | 0.994 | likely_pathogenic |
| 19:11100287:G:C | W44C | 0.994 | likely_pathogenic |
| 19:11100249:T:C | F32L | 0.996 | likely_pathogenic |
| 19:11100251:C:A | F32L | 0.996 | likely_pathogenic |
| 19:11100255:T:A | C34S | 0.997 | likely_pathogenic |
| 19:11100292:G:A | C46Y | 0.995 | likely_pathogenic |
| 19:11100293:C:G | C46W | 0.995 | likely_pathogenic |
| 19:11100291:T:C | C46R | 0.995 | likely_pathogenic |
| 19:11100309:T:C | C52R | 0.995 | likely_pathogenic |
| 19:11100311:C:G | C52W | 0.996 | likely_pathogenic |
| 19:11100321:T:C | S56P | 0.995 | likely_pathogenic |
| 19:11100256:G:A | C34Y | 0.990 | likely_pathogenic |
| 19:11100310:G:A | C52Y | 0.992 | likely_pathogenic |
| 19:11100292:G:C | C46S | 0.998 | likely_pathogenic |
| 19:11100255:T:C | C34R | 0.991 | likely_pathogenic |
Section 7: Biological Pathways & Gene Ontology
Reactome Pathways
Total Pathways: 5
| Pathway ID | Pathway Name |
|---|
| R-HSA-8856825 | Cargo recognition for clathrin-mediated endocytosis |
| R-HSA-8856828 | Clathrin-mediated endocytosis |
| R-HSA-8964026 | Chylomicron clearance |
| R-HSA-8964038 | LDL clearance |
| R-HSA-975634 | Retinoid metabolism and transport |
Gene Ontology Annotations
Total GO Terms: 67
Biological Process (33 terms) - TOP 20:
| GO ID | Term |
|---|
| GO:0006898 | receptor-mediated endocytosis |
| GO:0034383 | low-density lipoprotein particle clearance |
| GO:0042632 | cholesterol homeostasis |
| GO:0008203 | cholesterol metabolic process |
| GO:0030301 | cholesterol transport |
| GO:0006897 | endocytosis |
| GO:0070508 | cholesterol import |
| GO:0090118 | receptor-mediated endocytosis involved in cholesterol transport |
| GO:0034381 | plasma lipoprotein particle clearance |
| GO:0034384 | high-density lipoprotein particle clearance |
| GO:0042159 | lipoprotein catabolic process |
| GO:0006629 | lipid metabolic process |
| GO:0015914 | phospholipid transport |
| GO:0030299 | intestinal cholesterol absorption |
| GO:0097242 | amyloid-beta clearance |
| GO:0150094 | amyloid-beta clearance by cellular catabolic process |
| GO:0006909 | phagocytosis |
| GO:0001523 | retinoid metabolic process |
| GO:0007616 | long-term memory |
| GO:0010628 | positive regulation of gene expression |
Molecular Function (13 terms) - ALL:
| GO ID | Term |
|---|
| GO:0005041 | low-density lipoprotein particle receptor activity |
| GO:0030169 | low-density lipoprotein particle binding |
| GO:0030229 | very-low-density lipoprotein particle receptor activity |
| GO:0071813 | lipoprotein particle binding |
| GO:0005509 | calcium ion binding |
| GO:0001540 | amyloid-beta binding |
| GO:0001618 | virus receptor activity |
| GO:0002020 | protease binding |
| GO:0032050 | clathrin heavy chain binding |
| GO:0042802 | identical protein binding |
| GO:0060090 | molecular adaptor activity |
Cellular Component (21 terms) - TOP 20:
| GO ID | Term |
|---|
| GO:0005886 | plasma membrane |
| GO:0009897 | external side of plasma membrane |
| GO:0009986 | cell surface |
| GO:0005905 | clathrin-coated pit |
| GO:0030669 | clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle membrane |
| GO:0005769 | early endosome |
| GO:0005770 | late endosome |
| GO:0010008 | endosome membrane |
| GO:0036020 | endolysosome membrane |
| GO:0097443 | sorting endosome |
| GO:0005764 | lysosome |
| GO:0005794 | Golgi apparatus |
| GO:0016020 | membrane |
| GO:0016323 | basolateral plasma membrane |
| GO:0034362 | low-density lipoprotein particle |
| GO:0043235 | receptor complex |
| GO:0045177 | apical part of cell |
| GO:0036477 | somatodendritic compartment |
| GO:1990666 | PCSK9-LDLR complex |
Section 8: Protein Interactions & Molecular Networks
STRING Protein-Protein Interactions
Total Interactions: 763
TOP 50 Highest-Confidence Interactors:
| UniProt ID | Gene | Score |
|---|
| P07711 | CTSL | 678 |
| Q5SW96 | SLC47A2 | 664 |
| Q8NBP7 | PCSK9 | 591 |
| P25774 | CTSS | 461 |
| P07996 | THBS1 | 450 |
| Q96I15 | SCYL3 | 448 |
| P07858 | CTSB | 432 |
| O60911 | CTSV | 335 |
| Q99538 | LGMN | 331 |
| P00533 | EGFR | 325 |
| P57727 | TRADD | 312 |
| Q9UBX1 | CATV | 311 |
| P43235 | CTSK | 301 |
| P04114 | APOB | 295 |
| Q6NUJ1 | MEGF10 | 290 |
| O00571 | DDX3X | 281 |
| Q9BRK3 | MXRA8 | 280 |
| P52757 | CHK1 | 275 |
| Q8TEC5 | SH3GL1 | 262 |
| Q8IWL3 | ITGBL1 | 261 |
IntAct Molecular Interactions
Total Interactions: 162+
Key Direct Interactors:
| Interaction ID | Partner A | Partner B | Type | Score |
|---|
| EBI-15683183 | PCSK9 | LDLR | direct interaction | 0.72 |
| EBI-21013761 | LDLR | LRPAP1 | direct interaction | 0.74 |
| EBI-21013717 | LDLR | APOE | direct interaction | 0.71 |
| EBI-15842181 | LDLR | APOH | direct interaction | 0.62 |
| EBI-15981592 | LDLRAP1 | LDLR | direct interaction | 0.56 |
| EBI-11476397 | LDLR | LDLR | direct interaction | 0.44 |
ESM2 Structural Similarity
Total Similar Proteins: 81
TOP 20 Structurally Similar Proteins:
| UniProt ID | Top Similarity | Average Similarity |
|---|
| G3V928 | 1.0000 | 0.9848 |
| Q91ZX7 | 1.0000 | 0.9850 |
| A2VCU8 | 0.9998 | 0.9798 |
| O75096 (LRP1) | 0.9999 | 0.9715 |
| P98155 (LRP2) | 0.9998 | 0.9858 |
| P98156 | 0.9999 | 0.9854 |
| P98158 (LRP4) | 0.9996 | 0.9848 |
| P98166 | 0.9999 | 0.9854 |
| Q07954 (LRP8) | 0.9999 | 0.9850 |
| P35950 (VLDLR) | 0.9992 | 0.9882 |
| P35951 | 0.9992 | 0.9869 |
| P35952 | 0.9988 | 0.9873 |
| P35953 | 0.9998 | 0.9860 |
DIAMOND Sequence Similarity
Total Homologous Proteins: 40
TOP 20 Sequence Homologs:
| UniProt ID | Top Identity (%) | Top Bitscore |
|---|
| A2ARV4 | 94.30 | 6693 |
| P98158 | 94.30 | 6685 |
| Q9JI18 | 92.20 | 6617 |
| Q9NZR2 | 92.20 | 6620 |
| C0HL13 | 73.80 | 4826 |
| O88307 | 97.10 | 3713 |
| P0DSP1 | 97.10 | 3719 |
| Q92673 | 94.10 | 3652 |
| Q95209 | 94.10 | 3653 |
| O75581 | 98.20 | 2679 |
| O88572 | 98.20 | 2679 |
| O75197 | 93.80 | 2529 |
| Q91VN0 | 93.80 | 2528 |
| B5DFC9 | 92.20 | 2506 |
| O88322 | 92.20 | 2501 |
| Q8VI56 | 98.70 | 2422 |
| Q9QYP1 | 98.70 | 2425 |
| O75096 | 97.00 | 2366 |
Section 9: Transcription Factor Regulatory Data
Note: LDLR is NOT a transcription factor; it is a cell surface receptor.
Upstream Regulators (TFs that regulate LDLR)
Total TF Regulators: 36
| TF Gene | Regulation | Confidence |
|---|
| SREBF2 | Activation | High |
| SREBF1 | Activation | High |
| SP1 | Activation | High |
| HNF4A | Activation | - |
| ESR1 | Activation | High |
| CREB1 | Activation | High |
| CREBBP | Activation | High |
| EGR1 | Activation | High |
| CEBPG | Activation | High |
| KLF9 | Activation | High |
| DGKQ | Activation | - |
| NFYA | Activation | Low |
| PPARA | Activation | - |
| RXRA | Activation | Low |
| ATF3 | Repression | High |
| KLF13 | Repression | High |
| PPARG | Repression | High |
| PPARGC1A | Repression | High |
| ESR2 | Activation | Low |
| BMAL1 | Unknown | High |
| CEBPA | Unknown | - |
| CEBPB | Unknown | High |
| FOS | Unknown | - |
| HES1 | Unknown | High |
| HES6 | Unknown | High |
| IKZF1 | Unknown | High |
| KLF4 | Unknown | - |
| NR1H3 | Unknown | - |
| SP3 | Unknown | High |
| THRB | Unknown | - |
| YY1 | Unknown | High |
| ZBTB17 | Unknown | High |
| CNBP | Unknown | High |
| DNMT1 | Unknown | Low |
| HNRNPK | Unknown | High |
| TXK | Unknown | High |
SIGNOR Regulatory Interactions
| Regulator | Target | Effect | Mechanism |
|---|
| SREBF2 | LDLR | Up-regulates | Transcriptional regulation |
| HNF4A | LDLR | Up-regulates | Transcriptional regulation |
| APOB | LDLR | Up-regulates | Binding |
| MYLIP | LDLR | Down-regulates | Ubiquitination (destabilization) |
| Porfimer | LDLR | Up-regulates | Chemical activation |
Section 10: Drug & Pharmacology Data
ChEMBL Drug Targets
LDLR as Single Protein Target:
Target ID: CHEMBL3311
Target Type: SINGLE PROTEIN
Associated Molecules: 17 small molecules (all Phase 0)
PCSK9/LDLR Protein-Protein Interaction Target:
Target ID: CHEMBL4523996
Target Type: PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTION
Associated Molecules: 445
Approved Drug: NILOTINIB (CHEMBL255863) - Phase 4
PharmGKB - Associated Drugs
Total Drug Associations: 15
VIP Gene Status: Yes (Very Important Pharmacogene)
| Drug | PharmGKB ID | Clinical Annotations | Variant Annotations |
|---|
| Atorvastatin | PA448500 | 54 | 292 |
| Pravastatin | PA451089 | 36 | 177 |
| Rosuvastatin | PA134308647 | 24 | 170 |
| Fluvastatin | PA449688 | 20 | 68 |
| Lovastatin | PA450272 | 12 | 17 |
| Ribavirin | PA451241 | 46 | 346 |
| Atenolol | PA448499 | 44 | 118 |
| Peginterferon alfa-2a | PA164749390 | 31 | 211 |
| Peginterferon alfa-2b | PA164784024 | 41 | 289 |
| Pitavastatin | PA142650384 | 4 | 26 |
| Alirocumab | PA166159961 | 0 | 0 |
| Evinacumab | PA166222281 | 0 | 0 |
| Inclisiran | PA166268802 | 0 | 0 |
| Lomitapide | PA166114922 | 0 | 0 |
| Mipomersen | PA166114927 | 0 | 0 |
Clinical Trials for Familial Hypercholesterolemia
Total Trials: 971+ (associated with MONDO:0007750)
TOP 20 Clinical Trials:
| Trial ID | Title | Phase | Status |
|---|
| NCT00916643 | LDL Apheresis Using H.E.L.P. Therapy | Phase 4 | Completed |
| NCT00655265 | Colesevelam in Familial Hypercholesterolaemia | Phase 4 | Completed |
| NCT00145574 | Colesevelam in Pediatric Patients | Phase 4 | Completed |
| NCT00242944 | JAPAN-ACS Pitavastatin vs Atorvastatin | Phase 4 | Completed |
| NCT00211705 | MEGA Study - Elevated Cholesterol | Phase 4 | Completed |
| NCT00549926 | Yokohama-ACS Statin Comparison | Phase 4 | Completed |
| NCT00871351 | Ezetimibe + Atorvastatin Study | Phase 4 | Completed |
| NCT00329160 | Rosuvastatin Long-term Treatment | Phase 4 | Completed |
| NCT00397826 | Simvastatin 40mg Effects | Phase 4 | Completed |
| NCT01212900 | Imaging vs Risk Factor Therapy | Phase 4 | Completed |
Section 11: Expression Profiles
Bgee Expression Summary
| Property | Value |
|---|
| Expression Breadth | Ubiquitous |
| Total Present Calls | 281 |
| Total Conditions | 295 |
| Max Expression Score | 99.53 |
| Average Expression Score | 81.62 |
| Gold Quality Calls | 271 |
TOP 30 Tissues (Highest Expression)
| Tissue | Expression Score | Quality |
|---|
| Adrenal tissue | 99.53 | Gold |
| Lower lobe of lung | 97.66 | Gold |
| Right adrenal gland | 96.45 | Gold |
| Adrenal gland | 96.21 | Gold |
| Right adrenal gland cortex | 96.05 | Gold |
| Left adrenal gland | 95.85 | Gold |
| Endometrium epithelium | 95.75 | Gold |
| Olfactory segment of nasal mucosa | 95.66 | Gold |
| Adrenal cortex | 95.48 | Gold |
| Left adrenal gland cortex | 95.31 | Gold |
| Stromal cell of endometrium | 95.30 | Gold |
| Upper lobe of lung | 95.17 | Gold |
| Upper lobe of left lung | 95.09 | Gold |
| Lung | 94.52 | Gold |
| Mucosa of urinary bladder | 94.34 | Gold |
| Right lung | 93.94 | Gold |
| Esophagus mucosa | 93.66 | Gold |
| Lower esophagus mucosa | 93.61 | Gold |
| Islet of Langerhans | 93.28 | Gold |
| Left uterine tube | 93.21 | Gold |
| Pharyngeal mucosa | 92.79 | Gold |
| Mucosa of sigmoid colon | 92.79 | Gold |
| Ventricular zone | 92.77 | Gold |
| Cartilage tissue | 92.67 | Gold |
| Cervix epithelium | 92.43 | Gold |
| Liver | 92.39 | Gold |
| Decidua | 92.36 | Gold |
| Oral cavity | 92.09 | Gold |
| Gingival epithelium | 91.83 | Gold |
| Right ovary | 91.73 | Gold |
Cell Type Expression (TOP 15)
| Cell Type | CL ID |
|---|
| Stromal cell of endometrium | CL:0002255 |
| Bronchial epithelial cell | CL:0002328 |
| Epithelial cell of pancreas | CL:0000083 |
| Oocyte | CL:0000023 |
| Granulocyte | CL:0000094 |
| Bone marrow cell | CL:0002092 |
| Type B pancreatic cell | CL:0000169 |
| Monocyte | CL:0000576 |
| Mononuclear leukocyte | CL:0000842 |
| Leukocyte | CL:0000738 |
| Secondary oocyte | CL:0000655 |
| Pancreatic ductal cell | CL:0002079 |
| Buccal mucosa cell | CL:0002336 |
Single-Cell RNA-Seq Datasets
| Experiment ID | Description | Cell Count |
|---|
| E-MTAB-8060 | Human embryos in vitro | 245,346 |
| E-GEOD-130148 | Lung Cell Atlas - Drop-seq | 14,560 |
| E-MTAB-10596 | Dental follicle organoids | 3,388 |
| E-MTAB-3929 | Human preimplantation embryos | 1,529 |
Section 12: Disease Associations
Mendelian Disease Associations
| Disease | Disease ID | Inheritance | Evidence |
|---|
| Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Type 1 | OMIM:143890 | Autosomal Dominant | Definitive |
| Familial Hypercholesterolemia | MONDO:0005439 | AD | Strong |
| Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia | Orphanet:391665 | Autosomal Recessive | Supportive |
GenCC Disease-Gene Validity
| Submitter | Disease | Classification | MOI |
|---|
| Laboratory for Molecular Medicine | Hypercholesterolemia, familial, 1 | Definitive | AD |
| Genomics England PanelApp | Hypercholesterolemia, familial, 1 | Strong | AD |
| Labcorp Genetics | Hypercholesterolemia, familial, 1 | Strong | AD |
| Orphanet | Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia | Supportive | AR |
HPO Phenotype Associations
Total Phenotypes: 37
| HPO ID | Phenotype |
|---|
| HP:0003124 | Hypercholesterolemia |
| HP:0003141 | Increased LDL cholesterol concentration |
| HP:0003077 | Hyperlipidemia |
| HP:0001658 | Myocardial infarction |
| HP:0001677 | Coronary artery atherosclerosis |
| HP:0005181 | Premature coronary artery atherosclerosis |
| HP:0004416 | Precocious atherosclerosis |
| HP:0005177 | Premature arteriosclerosis |
| HP:0001681 | Angina pectoris |
| HP:0001645 | Sudden cardiac death |
| HP:0000991 | Xanthomatosis |
| HP:0010874 | Tendon xanthomatosis |
| HP:0001114 | Xanthelasma |
| HP:0001084 | Corneal arcus |
| HP:0004963 | Calcification of the aorta |
| HP:0012397 | Aortic atherosclerotic lesion |
| HP:0004381 | Supravalvular aortic stenosis |
| HP:0004950 | Peripheral arterial stenosis |
| HP:0001920 | Renal artery stenosis |
| HP:0007201 | Cerebral artery atherosclerosis |
| HP:0003062 | Abnormal internal carotid artery morphology |
| HP:0030882 | Coronary artery aneurysm |
| HP:0001653 | Mitral regurgitation |
| HP:0030148 | Heart murmur |
| HP:0005162 | Abnormal left ventricular function |
| HP:0000822 | Hypertension |
| HP:0002094 | Dyspnea |
| HP:0001397 | Hepatic steatosis |
| HP:0006693 | Myocardial steatosis |
| HP:0000799 | Renal steatosis |
| HP:0002829 | Arthralgia |
| HP:0100261 | Abnormal tendon morphology |
| HP:0001138 | Optic neuropathy |
| HP:0012373 | Abnormal eye physiology |
| HP:0012638 | Abnormal nervous system physiology |
| HP:0000006 | Autosomal dominant inheritance |
| HP:0000007 | Autosomal recessive inheritance |
GWAS Associations
Total GWAS Associations: 194+
TOP 30 GWAS Traits:
| Study ID | Trait | P-value |
|---|
| GCST002222_7 | LDL cholesterol | 4×10⁻²⁶² |
| GCST008079_76 | LDL cholesterol (alcohol interaction) | 2×10⁻²⁷³ |
| GCST008086_15 | LDL cholesterol (drinkers) | 4×10⁻¹⁹³ |
| GCST002221_37 | Cholesterol, total | 5×10⁻²⁰² |
| GCST008077_86 | LDL cholesterol levels | 1×10⁻¹¹⁹ |
| GCST002220_1 | LDL cholesterol | 3×10⁻¹¹⁵ |
| GCST007931_29 | HMG CoA reductase inhibitor use | 8×10⁻¹¹⁶ |
| GCST000759_25 | LDL cholesterol | 4×10⁻¹¹⁷ |
| GCST000760_5 | Cholesterol, total | 7×10⁻⁹⁷ |
| GCST005194_123 | Coronary artery disease | 5×10⁻⁴¹ |
| GCST006034_28 | Total cholesterol levels | 8×10⁻⁴⁹ |
| GCST006004_20 | LDL cholesterol levels | 4×10⁻⁴⁰ |
| GCST000134_4 | LDL cholesterol | 2×10⁻⁵¹ |
| GCST000533_4 | Lipid metabolism phenotypes | 2×10⁻³¹ |
| GCST000285_5 | Cholesterol, total | 9×10⁻²⁴ |
| GCST000132_5 | LDL cholesterol | 4×10⁻²⁶ |
| GCST000287_2 | LDL cholesterol | 2×10⁻²⁶ |
| GCST004787_69 | Coronary artery disease | 8×10⁻²² |
| GCST003116_38 | Coronary artery disease | 4×10⁻¹⁵ |
| GCST002193_1 | Abdominal aortic aneurysm | 2×10⁻¹⁰ |
| GCST003877_5 | Abdominal aortic aneurysm | 8×10⁻¹⁴ |
| GCST007435_5 | Carotid plaque | 1×10⁻⁸ |
| GCST001231_11 | Carotid intima media thickness | 1×10⁻⁷ |
| GCST008474_20 | Peripheral artery disease | 1×10⁻¹⁰ |
| GCST000340_9 | Myocardial infarction (early onset) | 2×10⁻⁹ |
| GCST000998_25 | Coronary heart disease | 1×10⁻⁹ |
| GCST002287_14 | CAD or ischemic stroke | 3×10⁻¹² |
| GCST002289_16 | Coronary artery disease | 3×10⁻¹¹ |
| GCST006697_12 | Parental longevity | 2×10⁻⁶ |
| GCST001273_2 | Lp-PLA2 activity/mass | 3×10⁻¹¹ |
DATA SOURCES SUMMARY
| Database | Identifiers/Data Retrieved |
|---|
| HGNC | Gene nomenclature, aliases |
| Ensembl | Gene, transcripts, exons, orthologs |
| NCBI Entrez | Gene ID, summary |
| OMIM | Disease gene reference |
| UniProt | Protein sequences, features |
| RefSeq | Transcript/protein accessions |
| CCDS | Consensus coding sequences |
| InterPro | Protein domains/families |
| PDB | 3D structures |
| AlphaFold | Predicted structure |
| ClinVar | Clinical variants |
| SpliceAI | Splice predictions |
| AlphaMissense | Missense pathogenicity |
| Reactome | Biological pathways |
| Gene Ontology | Functional annotations |
| STRING | Protein interactions |
| IntAct | Molecular interactions |
| CollecTRI | TF-target relationships |
| SIGNOR | Signaling interactions |
| ChEMBL | Drug targets |
| PharmGKB | Pharmacogenomics |
| Bgee | Expression data |
| GWAS Catalog | Trait associations |
| HPO | Clinical phenotypes |
| MONDO | Disease ontology |
| GenCC | Gene-disease validity |
| Orphanet | Rare disease |
Generated: March 2026
Data sourced via biobtree integrated biological databases
I have compiled the comprehensive cross-database identifier and functional mapping reference for human LDLR (Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor).
Summary of key findings:
- Gene: HGNC:6547 | ENSG00000130164 | Entrez 3949 | located on chromosome 19p13.2
- Transcripts: 28 Ensembl transcripts, MANE Select is NM_000527
- Protein: P01130 (860 aa, 95.4 kDa) with 12 InterPro domains including LDL receptor class A/B repeats and EGF domains
- Structures: 36 PDB structures, many showing PCSK9-LDLR interaction
- Clinical significance: 4,658+ ClinVar variants; gene is definitively linked to Familial Hypercholesterolemia (OMIM:143890)
- Expression: Ubiquitous expression with highest levels in adrenal tissue, lung, and liver
- Drug targets: VIP pharmacogene associated with statins; PCSK9-LDLR interaction is a validated drug target (445 molecules in ChEMBL)
- GWAS: 194+ associations, primarily with LDL cholesterol and cardiovascular disease traits