Is AFF4 p.Pro521Arg (c.1562C>G) pathogenic?

AFF4 p.Pro521Arg (c.1562C>G) is classified Uncertain significance in AFF4 (ClinVar, Multiple submitters, 2 submitters; last evaluated 2025-08-03). AlphaMissense: likely benign (0.2426); Very rare (popmax 0.00133%, afr); Associated with cognitive impairment - coarse facies - heart defects - obesity - pulmonary involvement - short stature - skeletal dysplasia syndrome.

How common is AFF4 p.Pro521Arg (c.1562C>G) in the general population?

AFF4 p.Pro521Arg (c.1562C>G) is very rare (popmax 0.00133%, afr) (gnomAD).

What do computational predictors say about AFF4 p.Pro521Arg (c.1562C>G)?

AlphaMissense predicts likely benign (score 0.2426) — an in-silico prediction, not a clinical call.

AFF4 p.Pro521Arg

Q: What condition is associated with AFF4 p.Pro521Arg (c.1562C>G)?

AFF4 p.Pro521Arg (c.1562C>G) is associated with cognitive impairment - coarse facies - heart defects - obesity - pulmonary involvement - short stature - skeletal dysplasia syndrome (ClinVar).

c.1562C>G · rs752818977 · VCV2428182

Uncertain significance Multiple submitters

Classification

Uncertain significance

ClinVar

Review

Multiple submitters ★★☆☆

ClinVar · 2 submitters

AlphaMissense

likely benign

0.2426 · ACMG-weighted

gnomAD v4.1

Rare

very rare (popmax 0.00133%, afr)

Missense predictors

0/3 damaging

AlphaMissense, REVEL, SaProt

Conditions

cognitive impairment - coarse facies - heart defects - obesity - pulmonary involvement - short stature - skeletal dysplasia syndrome

Computational evidence

Protein change
AlphaMissense	0.2426	likely benign
REVEL	0.177	moderately benign-leaning
SaProt	LLR -3.89	tolerated
⇒ AlphaMissense, REVEL and SaProt all call this tolerated.
Splicing
SpliceAI	—	not assessed · no allele here is in the release
Constraint at this position
Conservation	phyloP 10	GERP 5.5, phastCons 1
Regional constraint	o/e 0.84	unconstrained · MANE · 518 bp · p 0.026 · regional, not allelic
Overall
CADD	22.5	PHRED · no single calibrated threshold — expert panels disagree

ClinVar classifies this uncertain; the computational predictors unanimously lean tolerated — a triage signal, not a reclassification

AlphaMissense carries the ACMG weight for missense; REVEL and SaProt are independent agreement signals.

Population frequency

gnomAD v4.1 · exomes + genomes

Grpmax group 0.00133% African / African-American · 1/74,922 alleles

Filtering AF 0.000292% ClinGen BA1/BS1 input FAF95, joint · FAF99 0.000211%

Overall 0.000558% 9/1,614,018 alleles · very rare

Ancestry group	Frequency	1 in
African / African-Americangrpmax	0.00133%	74,922
European (non-Finnish)	0.000678%	147,505

Rarity supports pathogenicity (ACMG PM2); frequency above a disease-specific BA1/BS1 threshold argues against it. A variant frequent in one ancestry group can be near-absent in others, so a single global figure can mislead.

Variant & gene context

Gene: AFF4
Protein: p.Pro521Arg
Coding: c.1562C>G
MANE Select: NM_014423
dbSNP: rs752818977
Type: single nucleotide variant
Location: chr5:132897068 (GRCh38)
Gene constraint: LOEUF 0.114 · pLI 1.00 (gnomAD)
Structure: AlphaFold pLDDT 54.62 · 9 PDB
Residue 521: the 'disordered' region

Full AFF4 gene report on Sugi Atlas → Gene function, pathways, protein structure, interactions & more

Disease context

cognitive impairment - coarse facies - heart defects - obesity - pulmonary involvement - short stature - skeletal dysplasia syndrome — disease report on Sugi Atlas → Associated genes, phenotypes, clinical trials & treatments

Similar variants

AFF4 p.Arg258Trp Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ ⚠ same condition
AFF4 p.Met260Val Likely pathogenic ★★ ⚠ same condition
AFF4 p.Pro253Leu Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ ⚠ same condition
AFF4 p.Thr254Ser Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ ⚠ same condition
AFF4 c.1133+3A>G Uncertain significance ★★ same condition
AFF4 p.Ala114Thr Uncertain significance ★★ ⚠ same condition
AFF4 p.Ala114Val Uncertain significance ★★ ⚠ same condition
AFF4 p.Ala27Thr Uncertain significance ★★ ⚠ same condition

Built on 18 open, versioned datasets — ClinVar, gnomAD, AlphaMissense, REVEL, ClinGen & more — plus Sugi Variant's own cross-source analysis. Source data 2026-01–2026-10, ClinVar 2026-10. Full sources & versions →

Cite Sugi Variant

Gür T. Sugi Variant: A Deterministic Per-Variant Germline Reference from a Knowledge Graph for Humans and AI Agents. 2026. doi:10.5281/zenodo.21509445. This variant: https://sugi.bio/variant/aff4-p-pro521arg (accessed [today's date]).

Preprint & method: sugi.bio/variant/method Machine-readable: this page as Markdown