Is AFF4 p.Tyr59= (c.177C>T) pathogenic?

AFF4 p.Tyr59= (c.177C>T) is classified Likely benign in AFF4 (ClinVar, Single submitter, 1 submitter; last evaluated 2026-01-17). Ultra-rare (popmax 0.0857%, sas); Associated with cognitive impairment - coarse facies - heart defects - obesity - pulmonary involvement - short stature - skeletal dysplasia syndrome.

How common is AFF4 p.Tyr59= (c.177C>T) in the general population?

AFF4 p.Tyr59= (c.177C>T) is ultra-rare (popmax 0.0857%, sas) (gnomAD).

AFF4 p.Tyr59=

Q: What condition is associated with AFF4 p.Tyr59= (c.177C>T)?

AFF4 p.Tyr59= (c.177C>T) is associated with cognitive impairment - coarse facies - heart defects - obesity - pulmonary involvement - short stature - skeletal dysplasia syndrome (ClinVar).

c.177C>T · rs367549038 · VCV719926

Likely benign Single submitter

Classification

Likely benign

ClinVar

Review

Single submitter ★☆☆☆

ClinVar · 1 submitter

gnomAD v4.1

Rare

ultra-rare (popmax 0.0857%, sas)

Conditions

cognitive impairment - coarse facies - heart defects - obesity - pulmonary involvement - short stature - skeletal dysplasia syndrome

Computational evidence

Protein change
Missense predictors do not apply to this variant type; conservation carries the signal.
Splicing
SpliceAI	—	not assessed · no allele here is in the release
Constraint at this position
Conservation	phyloP 3.5	GERP 4.1, phastCons 1
Overall
CADD	12.84	PHRED · no single calibrated threshold — expert panels disagree

Population frequency

gnomAD v4.1 · exomes + genomes

Grpmax group 0.0857% South Asian · 78/90,990 alleles

Filtering AF 0.0703% ClinGen BA1/BS1 input FAF95, joint · FAF99 0.0647%

Overall 0.018% 291/1,613,492 alleles · ultra-rare

Ancestry group	Frequency	1 in
South Asiangrpmax	0.0857%	1,167
Remaining individualsnot grpmax-eligible	0.0176%	5,678
European (non-Finnish)	0.0164%	6,082
Admixed American	0.00835%	11,980
African / African-American	0.00267%	37,418
East Asian	0.00223%	44,896

Rarity supports pathogenicity (ACMG PM2); frequency above a disease-specific BA1/BS1 threshold argues against it. A variant frequent in one ancestry group can be near-absent in others, so a single global figure can mislead.

Variant & gene context

Gene: AFF4
Protein: p.Tyr59=
Coding: c.177C>T
MANE Select: NM_014423
dbSNP: rs367549038
Type: single nucleotide variant
Location: chr5:132934888 (GRCh38)
Gene constraint: LOEUF 0.114 · pLI 1.00 (gnomAD)
Structure: AlphaFold pLDDT 54.62 · 9 PDB
Residue 59: an α-helix

Full AFF4 gene report on Sugi Atlas → Gene function, pathways, protein structure, interactions & more

Disease context

cognitive impairment - coarse facies - heart defects - obesity - pulmonary involvement - short stature - skeletal dysplasia syndrome — disease report on Sugi Atlas → Associated genes, phenotypes, clinical trials & treatments

Similar variants

AFF4 p.Arg258Trp Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
AFF4 p.Met260Val Likely pathogenic ★★ ⚠ same condition
AFF4 p.Pro253Leu Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
AFF4 p.Thr254Ser Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ ⚠ same condition
AFF4 c.1133+3A>G Uncertain significance ★★ same condition
AFF4 p.Ala114Thr Uncertain significance ★★ ⚠ same condition
AFF4 p.Ala114Val Uncertain significance ★★ ⚠ same condition
AFF4 p.Ala27Thr Uncertain significance ★★ ⚠ same condition

Built on 18 open, versioned datasets — ClinVar, gnomAD, AlphaMissense, REVEL, ClinGen & more — plus Sugi Variant's own cross-source analysis. Source data 2026-01–2026-10, ClinVar 2026-10. Full sources & versions →

Cite Sugi Variant

Gür T. Sugi Variant: A Deterministic Per-Variant Germline Reference from a Knowledge Graph for Humans and AI Agents. 2026. doi:10.5281/zenodo.21509445. This variant: https://sugi.bio/variant/aff4-p-tyr59 (accessed [today's date]).

Preprint & method: sugi.bio/variant/method Machine-readable: this page as Markdown