Is AFG2A p.Gly397= (c.1191T>A) pathogenic?

AFG2A p.Gly397= (c.1191T>A) is classified Likely benign in AFG2A (ClinVar, Single submitter, 1 submitter; last evaluated 2018-12-31). Very rare (popmax 0.00017%, nfe); Associated with microcephaly-intellectual disability-sensorineural hearing loss-epilepsy-abnormal muscle tone syndrome.

How common is AFG2A p.Gly397= (c.1191T>A) in the general population?

AFG2A p.Gly397= (c.1191T>A) is very rare (popmax 0.00017%, nfe) (gnomAD).

AFG2A p.Gly397=

Q: What condition is associated with AFG2A p.Gly397= (c.1191T>A)?

AFG2A p.Gly397= (c.1191T>A) is associated with microcephaly-intellectual disability-sensorineural hearing loss-epilepsy-abnormal muscle tone syndrome (ClinVar).

c.1191T>A · rs1578530704 · VCV754997

Likely benign Single submitter

Classification

Likely benign

ClinVar

Review

Single submitter ★☆☆☆

ClinVar · 1 submitter

gnomAD v4.1

Rare

very rare (popmax 0.00017%, nfe)

Conditions

microcephaly-intellectual disability-sensorineural hearing loss-epilepsy-abnormal muscle tone syndrome

Computational evidence

Protein change
Missense predictors do not apply to this variant type; conservation carries the signal.
Splicing
SpliceAI	—	not assessed · no allele here is in the release
Constraint at this position
Conservation	phyloP -0.071	GERP -3.7, phastCons 0.85
Overall
CADD	8.005	PHRED · no single calibrated threshold — expert panels disagree

Population frequency

gnomAD v4.1 · exomes + genomes

Grpmax group 0.00017% European (non-Finnish) · 2/1,179,206 alleles

Filtering AF 2.8e-05% ClinGen BA1/BS1 input FAF95, joint · FAF99 1.1e-05%

Overall 0.000137% 2/1,460,114 alleles · very rare

Rarity supports pathogenicity (ACMG PM2); frequency above a disease-specific BA1/BS1 threshold argues against it. A variant frequent in one ancestry group can be near-absent in others, so a single global figure can mislead.

Variant & gene context

Gene: AFG2A
Protein: p.Gly397=
Coding: c.1191T>A
MANE Select: NM_145207
dbSNP: rs1578530704
Type: single nucleotide variant
Location: chr4:122935757 (GRCh38)
Structure: AlphaFold pLDDT 73.21 · 2 PDB
Residue 397: a UniProt-annotated variant site (in nedhsb); a binding site

Full AFG2A gene report on Sugi Atlas → Gene function, pathways, protein structure, interactions & more

Disease context

microcephaly-intellectual disability-sensorineural hearing loss-epilepsy-abnormal muscle tone syndrome — disease report on Sugi Atlas → Associated genes, phenotypes, clinical trials & treatments

Similar variants

AFG2A c.1714+1G>A Pathogenic ★★ same condition
AFG2A c.446+1G>A Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
AFG2A p.Ala844Val Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ ⚠ same condition
AFG2A p.Arg445Ter Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
AFG2A p.Arg510Ter Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
AFG2A p.Arg514Ter Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
AFG2A p.Arg538Ter Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
AFG2A p.Arg655Ter Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition

Built on 18 open, versioned datasets — ClinVar, gnomAD, AlphaMissense, REVEL, ClinGen & more — plus Sugi Variant's own cross-source analysis. Source data 2026-01–2026-10, ClinVar 2026-10. Full sources & versions →

Cite Sugi Variant

Gür T. Sugi Variant: A Deterministic Per-Variant Germline Reference from a Knowledge Graph for Humans and AI Agents. 2026. doi:10.5281/zenodo.21509445. This variant: https://sugi.bio/variant/afg2a-p-gly397 (accessed [today's date]).

Preprint & method: sugi.bio/variant/method Machine-readable: this page as Markdown