Is APP p.Ala523= (c.1569C>T) pathogenic?

APP p.Ala523= (c.1569C>T) is classified Likely benign in APP (ClinVar, Single submitter, 1 submitter; last evaluated 2024-01-15). Ultra-rare (popmax 0.0242%, sas); Associated with Alzheimer disease.

What condition is associated with APP p.Ala523= (c.1569C>T)?

APP p.Ala523= (c.1569C>T) is associated with Alzheimer disease (ClinVar).

How common is APP p.Ala523= (c.1569C>T) in the general population?

APP p.Ala523= (c.1569C>T) is ultra-rare (popmax 0.0242%, sas) (gnomAD).

APP p.Ala523=

c.1569C>T · rs769612624 · VCV2891584

Likely benign Single submitter

Classification

Likely benign

ClinVar

Review

Single submitter ★☆☆☆

ClinVar · 1 submitter

gnomAD v4.1

Rare

ultra-rare (popmax 0.0242%, sas)

Conditions

Alzheimer disease

Computational evidence

Protein change
Missense predictors do not apply to this variant type; conservation carries the signal.
REVEL	0.038	moderately benign-leaning
Splicing
SpliceAI	—	not assessed · no allele here is in the release
Constraint at this position
Conservation	phyloP -0.98	GERP -5.4
Overall
CADD	6.552	PHRED · no single calibrated threshold — expert panels disagree

Population frequency

gnomAD v4.1 · exomes + genomes

Grpmax group 0.0242% South Asian · 22/91,086 alleles

Filtering AF 0.0163% ClinGen BA1/BS1 input FAF95, joint · FAF99 0.0137%

Overall 0.00267% 39/1,461,864 alleles · ultra-rare

Ancestry group	Frequency	1 in
South Asiangrpmax	0.0242%	4,140
Remaining individualsnot grpmax-eligible	0.0016%	62,502
European (non-Finnish)	0.00136%	73,752

Rarity supports pathogenicity (ACMG PM2); frequency above a disease-specific BA1/BS1 threshold argues against it. A variant frequent in one ancestry group can be near-absent in others, so a single global figure can mislead.

Variant & gene context

Gene: APP
Protein: p.Ala523=
Coding: c.1569C>T
MANE Select: NM_000484
dbSNP: rs769612624
Type: single nucleotide variant
Location: chr21:25955645 (GRCh38)
Gene constraint: LOEUF 0.41 · pLI 1.00 · ClinGen HI 0/3 (gnomAD)
Structure: AlphaFold pLDDT 68.11 · 263 PDB
Residue 523: the e2 domain; an α-helix; the 'collagen-binding' region

Full APP gene report on Sugi Atlas → Gene function, pathways, protein structure, interactions & more

Disease context

Alzheimer disease — disease report on Sugi Atlas → Associated genes, phenotypes, clinical trials & treatments

Similar variants

APP p.Ala713Thr Likely pathogenic ★★ ⚠ same condition
APP p.Asp694Asn Pathogenic ★★ ⚠ same condition
APP p.Glu693Gln Pathogenic ★★ ⚠ same condition
APP p.Ile716Phe Pathogenic ★★ ⚠ same condition
APP p.Thr714Ala Pathogenic ★★ ⚠ same condition
APP p.Val715Met Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ ⚠ same condition
APP p.Val717Ile Pathogenic ★★ ⚠ same condition
APP p.Val717Phe Pathogenic ★★ ⚠ same condition

Built on 18 open, versioned datasets — ClinVar, gnomAD, AlphaMissense, REVEL, ClinGen & more — plus Sugi Variant's own cross-source analysis. Source data 2026-01–2026-10, ClinVar 2026-10. Full sources & versions →

Cite Sugi Variant

Gür T. Sugi Variant: A Deterministic Per-Variant Germline Reference from a Knowledge Graph for Humans and AI Agents. 2026. doi:10.5281/zenodo.21509445. This variant: https://sugi.bio/variant/app-p-ala523 (accessed [today's date]).

Preprint & method: sugi.bio/variant/method Machine-readable: this page as Markdown