Is CTSC p.Thr431= (c.1293C>T) pathogenic?

CTSC p.Thr431= (c.1293C>T) is classified Benign/Likely benign in CTSC (ClinVar, Multiple submitters, 3 submitters; last evaluated 2025-03-06). Ultra-rare (popmax 0.0659%, sas); Associated with Haim-Munk syndrome.

What condition is associated with CTSC p.Thr431= (c.1293C>T)?

CTSC p.Thr431= (c.1293C>T) is associated with Haim-Munk syndrome, Papillon-Lefevre disease, periodontitis, aggressive (ClinVar).

How common is CTSC p.Thr431= (c.1293C>T) in the general population?

CTSC p.Thr431= (c.1293C>T) is ultra-rare (popmax 0.0659%, sas) (gnomAD).

How is Haim-Munk syndrome inherited?

Typically Autosomal recessive (Orphanet). A genetic counselor can assess individual risk for a family.

CTSC p.Thr431=

c.1293C>T · rs371808747 · VCV757009

Benign/Likely benign Multiple submitters

Classification

Benign/Likely benign

ClinVar

Review

Multiple submitters ★★☆☆

ClinVar · 3 submitters

gnomAD v4.1

Rare

ultra-rare (popmax 0.0659%, sas)

Conditions

Haim-Munk syndrome

Computational evidence

Protein change
Missense predictors do not apply to this variant type; conservation carries the signal.
Splicing
SpliceAI	—	not assessed · no allele here is in the release
Constraint at this position
Conservation	phyloP -3.4	GERP -3.4
Overall
CADD	1.347	PHRED · no single calibrated threshold — expert panels disagree

Population frequency

gnomAD v4.1 · exomes + genomes

Grpmax group 0.0659% South Asian · 60/91,082 alleles

Filtering AF 0.0525% ClinGen BA1/BS1 input FAF95, joint · FAF99 0.0476%

Overall 0.00911% 147/1,613,754 alleles · ultra-rare

Ancestry group	Frequency	1 in
South Asiangrpmax	0.0659%	1,518
Middle Eastern	0.0493%	2,027
East Asian	0.0223%	4,488
Remaining individualsnot grpmax-eligible	0.0096%	10,414
European (non-Finnish)	0.00559%	17,879
Admixed American	0.00167%	59,944
African / African-American	0.00134%	74,808

Rarity supports pathogenicity (ACMG PM2); frequency above a disease-specific BA1/BS1 threshold argues against it. A variant frequent in one ancestry group can be near-absent in others, so a single global figure can mislead.

Variant & gene context

Gene: CTSC
Protein: p.Thr431=
Coding: c.1293C>T
MANE Select: NM_001814
dbSNP: rs371808747
Type: single nucleotide variant
Location: chr11:88294105 (GRCh38)
Gene constraint: LOEUF 1.051 · pLI <0.01 (gnomAD)
Structure: AlphaFold pLDDT 90.64 · 18 PDB
Residue 431: a β-strand

Full CTSC gene report on Sugi Atlas → Gene function, pathways, protein structure, interactions & more

Disease context

Haim-Munk syndrome — disease report on Sugi Atlas → Associated genes, phenotypes, clinical trials & treatments

Also linked: Papillon-Lefevre disease periodontitis, aggressive

For Haim-Munk syndrome (Orphanet):

Inheritance: Autosomal recessive
Onset: Childhood, Infancy

Similar variants

CTSC c.319-1G>A Pathogenic ★★ same condition
CTSC c.757+1G>T Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
CTSC c.-55C>A Pathogenic ★★ same condition
CTSC p.Arg210Ter Pathogenic ★★ same condition
CTSC p.Arg250Ter Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
CTSC p.Arg272His Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ ⚠ same condition
CTSC p.Arg272Pro Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
CTSC p.Arg339Cys Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ ⚠ same condition

Built on 18 open, versioned datasets — ClinVar, gnomAD, AlphaMissense, REVEL, ClinGen & more — plus Sugi Variant's own cross-source analysis. Source data 2026-01–2026-10, ClinVar 2026-10. Full sources & versions →

Cite Sugi Variant

Gür T. Sugi Variant: A Deterministic Per-Variant Germline Reference from a Knowledge Graph for Humans and AI Agents. 2026. doi:10.5281/zenodo.21509445. This variant: https://sugi.bio/variant/ctsc-p-thr431 (accessed [today's date]).

Preprint & method: sugi.bio/variant/method Machine-readable: this page as Markdown