Is EDAR p.Arg89His (c.266G>A) pathogenic?

EDAR p.Arg89His (c.266G>A) is classified Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic in EDAR (ClinVar, Multiple submitters, 5 submitters; last evaluated 2025-07-10). AlphaMissense: likely pathogenic (0.7501); Very rare (popmax 0.004%, afr); Associated with autosomal recessive hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia.

What condition is associated with EDAR p.Arg89His (c.266G>A)?

EDAR p.Arg89His (c.266G>A) is associated with autosomal recessive hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, ectodermal dysplasia 10A, hypohidrotic/hair/nail type, autosomal dominant, mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 4a (ClinVar).

How common is EDAR p.Arg89His (c.266G>A) in the general population?

EDAR p.Arg89His (c.266G>A) is very rare (popmax 0.004%, afr) (gnomAD).

How is Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia inherited?

Typically Autosomal dominant, Autosomal recessive (Orphanet). A genetic counselor can assess individual risk for a family.

What do computational predictors say about EDAR p.Arg89His (c.266G>A)?

AlphaMissense predicts likely pathogenic (score 0.7501) — an in-silico prediction, not a clinical call.

EDAR p.Arg89His

c.266G>A · rs121908450 · VCV5849

Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic Multiple submitters

Classification

Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic

ClinVar

Review

Multiple submitters ★★☆☆

ClinVar · 5 submitters

AlphaMissense

likely pathogenic

0.7501 · ACMG-weighted

gnomAD v4.1

Rare

very rare (popmax 0.004%, afr)

Missense predictors

2/3 damaging

AlphaMissense, REVEL, SaProt

Conditions

autosomal recessive hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia

Computational evidence

Protein change
AlphaMissense	0.7501	likely pathogenic ✓ concordant with ClinVar
REVEL	0.799	moderately pathogenic-leaning
SaProt	LLR -5.28	tolerated
⇒ AlphaMissense and REVEL call this damaging; SaProt does not.
Splicing
SpliceAI	—	not assessed · no allele here is in the release
Constraint at this position
Conservation	phyloP 7.6	GERP 2.4, phastCons 1
Regional constraint	o/e 0.89	unconstrained · MANE · 34 kb · p 0.0061 · regional, not allelic
Overall
CADD	33.0	PHRED · no single calibrated threshold — expert panels disagree

AlphaMissense carries the ACMG weight for missense; REVEL and SaProt are independent agreement signals.

Population frequency

gnomAD v4.1 · exomes + genomes

Grpmax group 0.004% African / African-American · 3/74,946 alleles

Filtering AF 0.00106% ClinGen BA1/BS1 input FAF95, joint · FAF99 0.00083%

Overall 0.00161% 26/1,614,084 alleles · very rare exomes 24/1,461,858 · genomes 2/152,226 · joint denominator

Ancestry group	Frequency	1 in
African / African-Americangrpmax	0.004%	24,982
Remaining individualsnot grpmax-eligible	0.0032%	31,242
East Asian	0.00223%	44,904
European (non-Finnish)	0.00161%	62,108
South Asian	0.0011%	91,088

Rarity supports pathogenicity (ACMG PM2); frequency above a disease-specific BA1/BS1 threshold argues against it. A variant frequent in one ancestry group can be near-absent in others, so a single global figure can mislead.

Variant & gene context

Gene: EDAR
Protein: p.Arg89His
Coding: c.266G>A
MANE Select: NM_022336
dbSNP: rs121908450
Type: single nucleotide variant
Location: chr2:108929288 (GRCh38)
Gene constraint: LOEUF 0.927 · pLI <0.01 (gnomAD)
Structure: AlphaFold pLDDT 67.01 · 1 PDB
Residue 89: a UniProt-annotated variant site (in ectd10b)

Full EDAR gene report on Sugi Atlas → Gene function, pathways, protein structure, interactions & more

Disease context

autosomal recessive hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia — disease report on Sugi Atlas → Associated genes, phenotypes, clinical trials & treatments

Also linked: ectodermal dysplasia 10A, hypohidrotic/hair/nail type, autosomal dominant mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 4a ectodermal dysplasia 10B, hypohidrotic/hair/tooth type, autosomal recessive mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 4b

For Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (Orphanet):

Inheritance: Autosomal dominant, Autosomal recessive, X-linked recessive
Onset: Infancy, Neonatal
Prevalence: 1-9 / 100 000 (Europe)

Similar variants

EDAR p.Arg89Cys Pathogenic ★ ⚠ same residue
EDAR c.730+1G>T Pathogenic ★★ same condition
EDAR p.Ala26Val Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ ⚠ same condition
EDAR p.Arg25Ter Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
EDAR p.Arg358Ter Pathogenic ★★ same condition
EDAR p.Arg420Gln Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
EDAR p.Arg98Trp Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
EDAR p.Cys148Arg Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition

Built on 18 open, versioned datasets — ClinVar, gnomAD, AlphaMissense, REVEL, ClinGen & more — plus Sugi Variant's own cross-source analysis. Source data 2026-01–2026-10, ClinVar 2026-10. Full sources & versions →

Cite Sugi Variant

Gür T. Sugi Variant: A Deterministic Per-Variant Germline Reference from a Knowledge Graph for Humans and AI Agents. 2026. doi:10.5281/zenodo.21509445. This variant: https://sugi.bio/variant/edar-p-arg89his (accessed [today's date]).

Preprint & method: sugi.bio/variant/method Machine-readable: this page as Markdown