Is ESPNL p.Ala420Asp (c.1259C>A) pathogenic?

ESPNL p.Ala420Asp (c.1259C>A) is classified Uncertain significance in ESPNL (ClinVar, Single submitter, 1 submitter; last evaluated 2025-01-08). AlphaMissense: likely benign (0.2298); Rare (popmax 0.116%, mid).

How common is ESPNL p.Ala420Asp (c.1259C>A) in the general population?

ESPNL p.Ala420Asp (c.1259C>A) is rare (popmax 0.116%, mid) (gnomAD).

What do computational predictors say about ESPNL p.Ala420Asp (c.1259C>A)?

AlphaMissense predicts likely benign (score 0.2298) — an in-silico prediction, not a clinical call.

ESPNL p.Ala420Asp

c.1259C>A · VCV3846247

Uncertain significance Single submitter

Classification

Uncertain significance

ClinVar

Review

Single submitter ★☆☆☆

ClinVar · 1 submitter

AlphaMissense

likely benign

0.2298 · ACMG-weighted

gnomAD v4.1

Rare

rare (popmax 0.116%, mid)

Missense predictors

0/3 damaging

AlphaMissense, REVEL, SaProt

Computational evidence

Protein change
AlphaMissense	0.2298	likely benign
REVEL	0.185	benign-leaning
SaProt	LLR -7.83	tolerated
⇒ AlphaMissense, REVEL and SaProt all call this tolerated.
Splicing
SpliceAI	—	not assessed · no allele here is in the release
Constraint at this position
Conservation	phyloP 0.72	GERP 0.7, phastCons 0.24
Regional constraint	o/e 1.07	unconstrained · MANE · 31 kb · p 0.0064 · regional, not allelic
Overall
CADD	13.4	PHRED · no single calibrated threshold — expert panels disagree

ClinVar classifies this uncertain; the computational predictors unanimously lean tolerated — a triage signal, not a reclassification

AlphaMissense carries the ACMG weight for missense; REVEL and SaProt are independent agreement signals.

Population frequency

gnomAD v4.1 · exomes + genomes

Grpmax group 0.116% Middle Eastern · 7/6,022 alleles

Filtering AF 0.0545% ClinGen BA1/BS1 input FAF95, joint · FAF99 0.0387%

Overall 0.003% 48/1,599,952 alleles · rare

Ancestry group	Frequency	1 in
Middle Easterngrpmax	0.116%	860
Remaining individualsnot grpmax-eligible	0.0097%	10,313
European (non-Finnish)	0.00264%	37,879
South Asian	0.00226%	44,316
Admixed American	0.00171%	58,488
African / African-American	0.00134%	74,700

Rarity supports pathogenicity (ACMG PM2); frequency above a disease-specific BA1/BS1 threshold argues against it. A variant frequent in one ancestry group can be near-absent in others, so a single global figure can mislead.

Variant & gene context

Gene: ESPNL
Protein: p.Ala420Asp
Coding: c.1259C>A
MANE Select: NM_194312
Type: single nucleotide variant
Location: chr2:238128750 (GRCh38)
Gene constraint: LOEUF 1.651 · pLI <0.01 (gnomAD)
Structure: AlphaFold pLDDT 65.57
Residue 420: the 'disordered' region

Full ESPNL gene report on Sugi Atlas → Gene function, pathways, protein structure, interactions & more

Similar variants

ESPNL p.Arg167Gln Benign ★★ same type
ESPNL p.Arg351Cys Benign ★★ ⚠ same type
ESPNL c.672+1G>A Uncertain significance ★ same type
ESPNL p.Ala112Ser Uncertain significance ★ ⚠ same type
ESPNL p.Ala144Asp Uncertain significance ★ ⚠ same type
ESPNL p.Ala144Thr Uncertain significance ★ ⚠ same type
ESPNL p.Ala145Thr Uncertain significance ★ ⚠ same type
ESPNL p.Ala159Thr Uncertain significance ★ ⚠ same type

Built on 18 open, versioned datasets — ClinVar, gnomAD, AlphaMissense, REVEL, ClinGen & more — plus Sugi Variant's own cross-source analysis. Source data 2026-01–2026-10, ClinVar 2026-10. Full sources & versions →

Cite Sugi Variant

Gür T. Sugi Variant: A Deterministic Per-Variant Germline Reference from a Knowledge Graph for Humans and AI Agents. 2026. doi:10.5281/zenodo.21509445. This variant: https://sugi.bio/variant/espnl-p-ala420asp (accessed [today's date]).

Preprint & method: sugi.bio/variant/method Machine-readable: this page as Markdown