Is FOXC1 p.Ser290= (c.870C>T) pathogenic?

FOXC1 p.Ser290= (c.870C>T) is classified Uncertain significance in FOXC1 (ClinVar, Single submitter, 1 submitter; last evaluated 2025-04-14). Ultra-rare (popmax 0.0104%, amr); Associated with Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome type 3.

What condition is associated with FOXC1 p.Ser290= (c.870C>T)?

FOXC1 p.Ser290= (c.870C>T) is associated with Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome type 3 (ClinVar).

How common is FOXC1 p.Ser290= (c.870C>T) in the general population?

FOXC1 p.Ser290= (c.870C>T) is ultra-rare (popmax 0.0104%, amr) (gnomAD).

FOXC1 p.Ser290=

c.870C>T · VCV3693815

Uncertain significance Single submitter

Classification

Uncertain significance

ClinVar

Review

Single submitter ★☆☆☆

ClinVar · 1 submitter

gnomAD v4.1

Rare

ultra-rare (popmax 0.0104%, amr)

Conditions

Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome type 3

Computational evidence

Protein change
Missense predictors do not apply to this variant type; conservation carries the signal.
Splicing
SpliceAI	—	not assessed · no allele here is in the release
Constraint at this position
Conservation	phyloP -0.31	GERP -3.2, phastCons 0.004
Overall
CADD	7.847	PHRED · no single calibrated threshold — expert panels disagree

Population frequency

gnomAD v4.1 · exomes + genomes

Grpmax group 0.0104% Admixed American · 4/38,500 alleles

Filtering AF 0.00352% ClinGen BA1/BS1 input FAF95, joint · FAF99 0.00213%

Overall 0.00206% 29/1,411,020 alleles · ultra-rare exomes 24/1,264,206 · genomes 5/146,814 · joint denominator

Ancestry group	Frequency	1 in
Admixed Americangrpmax	0.0104%	9,625
European (non-Finnish)	0.00231%	43,262

Rarity supports pathogenicity (ACMG PM2); frequency above a disease-specific BA1/BS1 threshold argues against it. A variant frequent in one ancestry group can be near-absent in others, so a single global figure can mislead.

Variant & gene context

Gene: FOXC1
Protein: p.Ser290=
Coding: c.870C>T
MANE Select: NM_001453
Type: single nucleotide variant
Location: chr6:1611315 (GRCh38)
Gene constraint: LOEUF 1.276 · pLI 0.05 · ClinGen HI 3/3 (gnomAD)
Structure: AlphaFold pLDDT 56.09
Residue 290: the 'disordered' region; the 'required for transcriptional inhibition' region

Full FOXC1 gene report on Sugi Atlas → Gene function, pathways, protein structure, interactions & more

Disease context

Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome type 3 — disease report on Sugi Atlas → Associated genes, phenotypes, clinical trials & treatments

Similar variants

FOXC1 p.Ser290Phe Uncertain significance ★★ ⚠ same residue
FOXC1 p.Ser290Ala Uncertain significance ★ ⚠ same residue
FOXC1 p.Ser290Tyr Uncertain significance ★ ⚠ same residue
FOXC1 p.Arg127His Pathogenic ★★ same condition
FOXC1 p.Arg127Leu Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
FOXC1 p.Arg170Trp Pathogenic ★★ same condition
FOXC1 p.Cys135Tyr Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
FOXC1 p.Gln106Ter Pathogenic ★★ same condition

Built on 18 open, versioned datasets — ClinVar, gnomAD, AlphaMissense, REVEL, ClinGen & more — plus Sugi Variant's own cross-source analysis. Source data 2026-01–2026-10, ClinVar 2026-10. Full sources & versions →

Cite Sugi Variant

Gür T. Sugi Variant: A Deterministic Per-Variant Germline Reference from a Knowledge Graph for Humans and AI Agents. 2026. doi:10.5281/zenodo.21509445. This variant: https://sugi.bio/variant/foxc1-p-ser290 (accessed [today's date]).

Preprint & method: sugi.bio/variant/method Machine-readable: this page as Markdown