GAA p.Trp772Arg

The NM_000152.5:c.2314T>C variant in GAA is a missense variant predicted to cause substitution of Tryptophan by Arginine at amino acid 772 (p.Trp772Arg). This variant has been detected in at least 1 individual with Pompe disease that was compound heterozygous for the variant and a pathogenic variant (PMID: 31619483, 18757064) (PM3_Supporting). At least 1 patient with this variant had documented GAA deficiency in leukocytes or fibroblasts was noted to have deficient GAA activity but results were not provided and was reported to be eligible for enzyme replacement therapy for Pompe disease (PMID: 31619483, 18757064) (PP4). This variant is absent in gnomAD v2.1.1 (PM2_Supporting). Expression of the variant in COS cells resulted in 5% wild type GAA activity and evidence of abnormal GAA synthesis and processing leading the variant to be described as Class B (“potentially less severe”), indicating that this variant may impact protein function (PMID: 18425781) (PS3_Moderate). The computational predictor REVEL gives a score of 0.93 which is above the threshold of 0.7, evidence that correlates with impact to GAA function (PP3). There is a ClinVar entry for this variant (Variation ID: 552527; 1 star review status) with 1 submitter classifying the variant as a VUS. In summary, this variant meets the criteria to be classified as Likely Pathogenic for Pompe disease. ACMG/AMP criteria met, based on the specification of the ClinGen LSD VCEP: PS3_Moderate, PM2_Supporting, PP3, PP4, PM3_Supporting.