Is HMGCS2 p.Ser360= (c.1080T>G) pathogenic?

HMGCS2 p.Ser360= (c.1080T>G) is classified Likely benign in HMGCS2 (ClinVar, Single submitter, 1 submitter; last evaluated 2025-01-03). Very rare (popmax 0.00492%, nfe); Associated with 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase deficiency.

What condition is associated with HMGCS2 p.Ser360= (c.1080T>G)?

HMGCS2 p.Ser360= (c.1080T>G) is associated with 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase deficiency (ClinVar).

How common is HMGCS2 p.Ser360= (c.1080T>G) in the general population?

HMGCS2 p.Ser360= (c.1080T>G) is very rare (popmax 0.00492%, nfe) (gnomAD).

HMGCS2 p.Ser360=

Q: How is 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase deficiency inherited?

Typically Autosomal recessive (Orphanet). A genetic counselor can assess individual risk for a family.

c.1080T>G · rs753951704 · VCV2912937

Likely benign Single submitter

Classification

Likely benign

ClinVar

Review

Single submitter ★☆☆☆

ClinVar · 1 submitter

gnomAD v4.1

Rare

very rare (popmax 0.00492%, nfe)

Conditions

3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase deficiency

Computational evidence

Protein change
Missense predictors do not apply to this variant type; conservation carries the signal.
Splicing
SpliceAI	—	not assessed · no allele here is in the release
Constraint at this position
Conservation	phyloP -1.3	GERP -3.1
Overall
CADD	1.498	PHRED · no single calibrated threshold — expert panels disagree

Population frequency

gnomAD v4.1 · exomes + genomes

Grpmax group 0.00492% European (non-Finnish) · 58/1,180,022 alleles

Filtering AF 0.00386% ClinGen BA1/BS1 input FAF95, joint · FAF99 0.00353%

Overall 0.00378% 61/1,613,978 alleles · very rare

Ancestry group	Frequency	1 in
European (non-Finnish)grpmax	0.00492%	20,345
Admixed American	0.00167%	59,998
Remaining individualsnot grpmax-eligible	0.0016%	62,486
African / African-American	0.00134%	74,892

Rarity supports pathogenicity (ACMG PM2); frequency above a disease-specific BA1/BS1 threshold argues against it. A variant frequent in one ancestry group can be near-absent in others, so a single global figure can mislead.

Variant & gene context

Gene: HMGCS2
Protein: p.Ser360=
Coding: c.1080T>G
MANE Select: NM_005518
dbSNP: rs753951704
Type: single nucleotide variant
Location: chr1:119755534 (GRCh38)
Gene constraint: LOEUF 1.111 · pLI <0.01 (gnomAD)
Structure: AlphaFold pLDDT 92.00 · 1 PDB
Residue 360: a UniProt-annotated variant site (in hmgcs2d); an α-helix

Full HMGCS2 gene report on Sugi Atlas → Gene function, pathways, protein structure, interactions & more

Disease context

3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase deficiency — disease report on Sugi Atlas → Associated genes, phenotypes, clinical trials & treatments

For 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase deficiency (Orphanet):

Inheritance: Autosomal recessive
Onset: Childhood

Similar variants

HMGCS2 p.Ser360Ala Uncertain significance ★ ⚠ same residue
HMGCS2 c.1016+1G>A Pathogenic ★★ same condition
HMGCS2 c.1187+1G>C Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
HMGCS2 c.685+2T>A Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
HMGCS2 p.Arg288Ter Pathogenic ★★ same condition
HMGCS2 p.Arg424Ter Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
HMGCS2 p.Arg500His Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ ⚠ same condition
HMGCS2 p.Arg501Gln Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition

Built on 18 open, versioned datasets — ClinVar, gnomAD, AlphaMissense, REVEL, ClinGen & more — plus Sugi Variant's own cross-source analysis. Source data 2026-01–2026-10, ClinVar 2026-10. Full sources & versions →

Cite Sugi Variant

Gür T. Sugi Variant: A Deterministic Per-Variant Germline Reference from a Knowledge Graph for Humans and AI Agents. 2026. doi:10.5281/zenodo.21509445. This variant: https://sugi.bio/variant/hmgcs2-p-ser360 (accessed [today's date]).

Preprint & method: sugi.bio/variant/method Machine-readable: this page as Markdown