Is MITF p.Leu123= (c.369C>T) pathogenic?

MITF p.Leu123= (c.369C>T) is classified Likely benign in MITF (ClinVar, Multiple submitters, 3 submitters; last evaluated 2026-01-07). Very rare (popmax 0.00549%, sas); Associated with hereditary neoplastic syndrome.

What condition is associated with MITF p.Leu123= (c.369C>T)?

MITF p.Leu123= (c.369C>T) is associated with hereditary neoplastic syndrome, Tietz syndrome, Waardenburg syndrome type 2A (ClinVar).

How common is MITF p.Leu123= (c.369C>T) in the general population?

MITF p.Leu123= (c.369C>T) is very rare (popmax 0.00549%, sas) (gnomAD).

MITF p.Leu123=

c.369C>T · rs373819498 · VCV1981416

Likely benign Multiple submitters

Classification

Likely benign

ClinVar

Review

Multiple submitters ★★☆☆

ClinVar · 3 submitters

gnomAD v4.1

Rare

very rare (popmax 0.00549%, sas)

Conditions

hereditary neoplastic syndrome

Computational evidence

Protein change
Missense predictors do not apply to this variant type; conservation carries the signal.
Splicing
SpliceAI	—	not assessed · no allele here is in the release
Constraint at this position
Conservation	phyloP -0.62	GERP -4.3, phastCons 0.013
Overall
CADD	7.098	PHRED · no single calibrated threshold — expert panels disagree

Population frequency

gnomAD v4.1 · exomes + genomes

Grpmax group 0.00549% South Asian · 5/91,068 alleles

Filtering AF 0.0021% ClinGen BA1/BS1 input FAF95, joint · FAF99 0.00136%

Overall 0.00136% 22/1,613,996 alleles · very rare exomes 20/1,461,754 · genomes 2/152,242 · joint denominator

Ancestry group	Frequency	1 in
South Asiangrpmax	0.00549%	18,214
Admixed American	0.00333%	30,008
African / African-American	0.00267%	37,517
Remaining individualsnot grpmax-eligible	0.0016%	62,504
European (non-Finnish)	0.00102%	98,329

Rarity supports pathogenicity (ACMG PM2); frequency above a disease-specific BA1/BS1 threshold argues against it. A variant frequent in one ancestry group can be near-absent in others, so a single global figure can mislead.

Variant & gene context

Gene: MITF
Protein: p.Leu123=
Coding: c.369C>T
MANE Select: NM_001354604
dbSNP: rs373819498
Type: single nucleotide variant
Location: chr3:69937836 (GRCh38)
Gene constraint: LOEUF 0.482 · pLI 0.99 · ClinGen HI 3/3 (gnomAD)
Structure: AlphaFold pLDDT 62.25 · 12 PDB

Full MITF gene report on Sugi Atlas → Gene function, pathways, protein structure, interactions & more

Disease context

hereditary neoplastic syndrome — disease report on Sugi Atlas → Associated genes, phenotypes, clinical trials & treatments

Also linked: Tietz syndrome Waardenburg syndrome type 2A melanoma, cutaneous malignant, susceptibility to, 8

Similar variants

MITF p.Leu123fs Pathogenic ★ same residue
MITF c.1031+1G>A Pathogenic ★★ same condition
MITF c.1179+1G>A Pathogenic ★★ same condition
MITF c.355-1062G>C Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
MITF c.880+1G>A Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
MITF c.955+1G>A Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
MITF c.956-1G>A Pathogenic ★★ same condition
MITF p.Arg217Ter Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition

Built on 18 open, versioned datasets — ClinVar, gnomAD, AlphaMissense, REVEL, ClinGen & more — plus Sugi Variant's own cross-source analysis. Source data 2026-01–2026-10, ClinVar 2026-10. Full sources & versions →

Cite Sugi Variant

Gür T. Sugi Variant: A Deterministic Per-Variant Germline Reference from a Knowledge Graph for Humans and AI Agents. 2026. doi:10.5281/zenodo.21509445. This variant: https://sugi.bio/variant/mitf-p-leu123 (accessed [today's date]).

Preprint & method: sugi.bio/variant/method Machine-readable: this page as Markdown