Is POLE p.Arg37Trp (c.109C>T) pathogenic?

POLE p.Arg37Trp (c.109C>T) is classified Uncertain significance in POLE (ClinVar, Multiple submitters, 7 submitters; last evaluated 2025-12-13). AlphaMissense: likely benign (0.2904); Ultra-rare (popmax 0.0165%, mid); Associated with facial dysmorphism-immunodeficiency-livedo-short stature syndrome.

What condition is associated with POLE p.Arg37Trp (c.109C>T)?

POLE p.Arg37Trp (c.109C>T) is associated with facial dysmorphism-immunodeficiency-livedo-short stature syndrome, colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 12, hereditary neoplastic syndrome (ClinVar).

How common is POLE p.Arg37Trp (c.109C>T) in the general population?

POLE p.Arg37Trp (c.109C>T) is ultra-rare (popmax 0.0165%, mid) (gnomAD).

What do computational predictors say about POLE p.Arg37Trp (c.109C>T)?

AlphaMissense predicts likely benign (score 0.2904) — an in-silico prediction, not a clinical call.

POLE p.Arg37Trp

Q: How is Facial dysmorphism-immunodeficiency-livedo-short stature syndrome inherited?

Typically Autosomal recessive (Orphanet). A genetic counselor can assess individual risk for a family.

c.109C>T · rs753101641 · VCV540690

Uncertain significance Multiple submitters

Classification

Uncertain significance

ClinVar

Review

Multiple submitters ★★☆☆

ClinVar · 7 submitters

AlphaMissense

likely benign

0.2904 · ACMG-weighted

gnomAD v4.1

Rare

ultra-rare (popmax 0.0165%, mid)

Missense predictors

1/2 damaging

AlphaMissense, SaProt · REVEL no call

Conditions

facial dysmorphism-immunodeficiency-livedo-short stature syndrome

Computational evidence

Protein change
AlphaMissense	0.2904	likely benign
REVEL	0.352	indeterminate
SaProt	LLR -10.20	damaging
⇒ SaProt calls this damaging; AlphaMissense does not; REVEL makes no call.
Splicing
SpliceAI	—	not assessed · no allele here is in the release
Constraint at this position
Conservation	phyloP 6.5	GERP 0.48, phastCons 1
Regional constraint	o/e 0.91	unconstrained · MANE · 23 kb · p 0.0025 · regional, not allelic
Overall
CADD	24.6	PHRED · no single calibrated threshold — expert panels disagree

AlphaMissense carries the ACMG weight for missense; REVEL and SaProt are independent agreement signals.

Population frequency

gnomAD v4.1 · exomes + genomes

Grpmax group 0.0165% Middle Eastern · 1/6,062 alleles

Filtering AF 0.000953% ClinGen BA1/BS1 input FAF95, joint · FAF99 0.000787%

Overall 0.00136% 22/1,614,180 alleles · ultra-rare exomes 22/1,461,860 · genomes 0/152,320 · joint denominator

Ancestry group	Frequency	1 in
Middle Easterngrpmax	0.0165%	6,062
South Asian	0.0022%	45,541
Remaining individualsnot grpmax-eligible	0.0016%	62,508
European (non-Finnish)	0.00153%	65,557

Rarity supports pathogenicity (ACMG PM2); frequency above a disease-specific BA1/BS1 threshold argues against it. A variant frequent in one ancestry group can be near-absent in others, so a single global figure can mislead.

Variant & gene context

Gene: POLE
Protein: p.Arg37Trp
Coding: c.109C>T
MANE Select: NM_006231
dbSNP: rs753101641
Type: single nucleotide variant
Location: chr12:132681233 (GRCh38)
Gene constraint: LOEUF 0.75 · pLI <0.01 · ClinGen HI 1/3 (gnomAD)
Structure: AlphaFold pLDDT 80.32 · 18 PDB
Residue 37: an α-helix

Full POLE gene report on Sugi Atlas → Gene function, pathways, protein structure, interactions & more

Disease context

facial dysmorphism-immunodeficiency-livedo-short stature syndrome — disease report on Sugi Atlas → Associated genes, phenotypes, clinical trials & treatments

Also linked: colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 12 hereditary neoplastic syndrome intrauterine growth retardation, metaphyseal dysplasia, adrenal hypoplasia congenita, genital anomalies, and immunodeficiency

For Facial dysmorphism-immunodeficiency-livedo-short stature syndrome (Orphanet):

Inheritance: Autosomal recessive
Onset: Infancy, Neonatal

Similar variants

POLE p.Arg37Gln Uncertain significance ★★ ⚠ same residue
POLE p.Arg37Pro Uncertain significance ★ ⚠ same residue
POLE p.Arg37= Likely benign ★ same residue
POLE c.1686+32C>G Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
POLE c.5678+1G>T Pathogenic ★★ same condition
POLE p.Leu424Val Pathogenic ★★ same condition
POLE c.1020+5G>A Uncertain significance ★★ same condition
POLE c.1106+3G>C Uncertain significance ★★ same condition

Built on 18 open, versioned datasets — ClinVar, gnomAD, AlphaMissense, REVEL, ClinGen & more — plus Sugi Variant's own cross-source analysis. Source data 2026-01–2026-10, ClinVar 2026-10. Full sources & versions →

Cite Sugi Variant

Gür T. Sugi Variant: A Deterministic Per-Variant Germline Reference from a Knowledge Graph for Humans and AI Agents. 2026. doi:10.5281/zenodo.21509445. This variant: https://sugi.bio/variant/pole-p-arg37trp (accessed [today's date]).

Preprint & method: sugi.bio/variant/method Machine-readable: this page as Markdown