Is POLG p.Arg790= (c.2370T>A) pathogenic?

POLG p.Arg790= (c.2370T>A) is classified Likely benign in POLG (ClinVar, Single submitter, 1 submitter; last evaluated 2023-06-23). Very rare (popmax 0.000169%, nfe); Associated with mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 4a.

What condition is associated with POLG p.Arg790= (c.2370T>A)?

POLG p.Arg790= (c.2370T>A) is associated with mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 4a (ClinVar).

How common is POLG p.Arg790= (c.2370T>A) in the general population?

POLG p.Arg790= (c.2370T>A) is very rare (popmax 0.000169%, nfe) (gnomAD).

How is Alpers-Huttenlocher syndrome inherited?

Typically Autosomal recessive (Orphanet). A genetic counselor can assess individual risk for a family.

POLG p.Arg790=

c.2370T>A · rs2509226797 · VCV2725561

Likely benign Single submitter

Classification

Likely benign

ClinVar

Review

Single submitter ★☆☆☆

ClinVar · 1 submitter

gnomAD v4.1

Rare

very rare (popmax 0.000169%, nfe)

Conditions

mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 4a

Computational evidence

Protein change
Missense predictors do not apply to this variant type; conservation carries the signal.
Splicing
SpliceAI	—	not assessed · no allele here is in the release
Constraint at this position
Conservation	phyloP -0.67	GERP -3.6
Overall
CADD	4.798	PHRED · no single calibrated threshold — expert panels disagree

Population frequency

gnomAD v4.1 · exomes + genomes

Grpmax group 0.000169% European (non-Finnish) · 2/1,180,036 alleles

Filtering AF 2.8e-05% ClinGen BA1/BS1 input FAF95, joint · FAF99 1.1e-05%

Overall 0.000124% 2/1,614,202 alleles · very rare exomes 2/1,461,834 · genomes 0/152,368 · joint denominator

Rarity supports pathogenicity (ACMG PM2); frequency above a disease-specific BA1/BS1 threshold argues against it. A variant frequent in one ancestry group can be near-absent in others, so a single global figure can mislead.

Variant & gene context

Gene: POLG
Protein: p.Arg790=
Coding: c.2370T>A
MANE Select: NM_002693
dbSNP: rs2509226797
Type: single nucleotide variant
Location: chr15:89322798 (GRCh38)
Gene constraint: LOEUF 0.847 · pLI <0.01 (gnomAD)
Structure: AlphaFold pLDDT 79.53 · 36 PDB
Residue 790: an α-helix

Full POLG gene report on Sugi Atlas → Gene function, pathways, protein structure, interactions & more

Disease context

mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 4a — disease report on Sugi Atlas → Associated genes, phenotypes, clinical trials & treatments

For Alpers-Huttenlocher syndrome (Orphanet):

Inheritance: Autosomal recessive
Onset: Adolescent, Adult, Childhood, Infancy
Prevalence: 1-9 / 1 000 000 (Europe)

Similar variants

POLG p.Arg790Cys Uncertain significance ★★ ⚠ same residue
POLG p.Arg790His Uncertain significance ★★ ⚠ same residue
POLG c.3643+2T>C Pathogenic ★★★ same condition
POLG p.Ala1105Pro Likely pathogenic ★★★ same condition
POLG p.Arg1096Cys Likely pathogenic ★★★ same condition
POLG p.Asp1184Asn Pathogenic ★★★ same condition
POLG p.Gln1175Ter Likely pathogenic ★★★ same condition
POLG p.Lys1191Asn Likely pathogenic ★★★ same condition

Built on 18 open, versioned datasets — ClinVar, gnomAD, AlphaMissense, REVEL, ClinGen & more — plus Sugi Variant's own cross-source analysis. Source data 2026-01–2026-10, ClinVar 2026-10. Full sources & versions →

Cite Sugi Variant

Gür T. Sugi Variant: A Deterministic Per-Variant Germline Reference from a Knowledge Graph for Humans and AI Agents. 2026. doi:10.5281/zenodo.21509445. This variant: https://sugi.bio/variant/polg-p-arg790 (accessed [today's date]).

Preprint & method: sugi.bio/variant/method Machine-readable: this page as Markdown