Is TK2 p.Tyr99Cys (c.296A>G) pathogenic?

TK2 p.Tyr99Cys (c.296A>G) is classified Likely pathogenic in TK2 (ClinVar, Single submitter, 1 submitter; last evaluated 2025-11-24). AlphaMissense: likely pathogenic (0.731); Very rare (popmax 0.00223%, eas); Associated with mitochondrial disease.

What condition is associated with TK2 p.Tyr99Cys (c.296A>G)?

TK2 p.Tyr99Cys (c.296A>G) is associated with mitochondrial disease (ClinVar).

How common is TK2 p.Tyr99Cys (c.296A>G) in the general population?

TK2 p.Tyr99Cys (c.296A>G) is very rare (popmax 0.00223%, eas) (gnomAD).

What do computational predictors say about TK2 p.Tyr99Cys (c.296A>G)?

AlphaMissense predicts likely pathogenic (score 0.731) — an in-silico prediction, not a clinical call.

TK2 p.Tyr99Cys

c.296A>G · VCV4686629

Likely pathogenic Single submitter

Classification

Likely pathogenic

ClinVar

Review

Single submitter ★☆☆☆

ClinVar · 1 submitter

AlphaMissense

likely pathogenic

0.731 · ACMG-weighted

gnomAD v4.1

Rare

very rare (popmax 0.00223%, eas)

Missense predictors

3/3 damaging

AlphaMissense, REVEL, SaProt

Conditions

mitochondrial disease

Computational evidence

Protein change
AlphaMissense	0.731	likely pathogenic ✓ concordant with ClinVar
REVEL	0.879	moderately pathogenic-leaning
SaProt	LLR -14.39	damaging
⇒ AlphaMissense, REVEL and SaProt all call this damaging.
Splicing
SpliceAI	—	not assessed · no allele here is in the release
Constraint at this position
Conservation	phyloP 7.8	GERP 1.9, phastCons 1
Regional constraint	o/e 0.91	unconstrained · MANE · 38 kb · p 0.097 · regional, not allelic
Overall
CADD	27.5	PHRED · no single calibrated threshold — expert panels disagree

AlphaMissense carries the ACMG weight for missense; REVEL and SaProt are independent agreement signals.

Population frequency

gnomAD v4.1 · exomes + genomes

Grpmax group 0.00223% East Asian · 1/44,884 alleles

Overall 0.000124% 2/1,614,134 alleles · very rare exomes 1/1,461,872 · genomes 1/152,262 · joint denominator

Ancestry group	Frequency	1 in
East Asiangrpmax	0.00223%	44,884
European (non-Finnish)	8.47e-05%	1,180,018

Rarity supports pathogenicity (ACMG PM2); frequency above a disease-specific BA1/BS1 threshold argues against it. A variant frequent in one ancestry group can be near-absent in others, so a single global figure can mislead.

Variant & gene context

Gene: TK2
Protein: p.Tyr99Cys
Coding: c.296A>G
MANE Select: NM_004614
Type: single nucleotide variant
Location: chr16:66531459 (GRCh38)
Gene constraint: LOEUF 1.101 · pLI <0.01 (gnomAD)
Structure: AlphaFold pLDDT 85.01

Full TK2 gene report on Sugi Atlas → Gene function, pathways, protein structure, interactions & more

Disease context

mitochondrial disease — disease report on Sugi Atlas → Associated genes, phenotypes, clinical trials & treatments

Similar variants

TK2 c.156+2T>C Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
TK2 c.157-2A>G Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
TK2 p.Ala139Thr Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
TK2 p.Ala139Val Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
TK2 p.Arg104Cys Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
TK2 p.Arg130Gln Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ ⚠ same condition
TK2 p.Arg130Trp Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
TK2 p.Arg183Gly Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition

Built on 18 open, versioned datasets — ClinVar, gnomAD, AlphaMissense, REVEL, ClinGen & more — plus Sugi Variant's own cross-source analysis. Source data 2026-01–2026-10, ClinVar 2026-10. Full sources & versions →

Cite Sugi Variant

Gür T. Sugi Variant: A Deterministic Per-Variant Germline Reference from a Knowledge Graph for Humans and AI Agents. 2026. doi:10.5281/zenodo.21509445. This variant: https://sugi.bio/variant/tk2-p-tyr99cys (accessed [today's date]).

Preprint & method: sugi.bio/variant/method Machine-readable: this page as Markdown