Is ACTN2 p.Ser431Leu (c.1292C>T) pathogenic?

ACTN2 p.Ser431Leu (c.1292C>T) is classified Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity in ACTN2 (ClinVar, Conflicting submitters, 6 submitters; last evaluated 2026-01-26). AlphaMissense: likely benign (0.0782); Rare (popmax 0.187%, sas); Associated with Cardiovascular phenotype.

What condition is associated with ACTN2 p.Ser431Leu (c.1292C>T)?

ACTN2 p.Ser431Leu (c.1292C>T) is associated with Cardiovascular phenotype, dilated cardiomyopathy 1AA, familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (ClinVar).

How common is ACTN2 p.Ser431Leu (c.1292C>T) in the general population?

ACTN2 p.Ser431Leu (c.1292C>T) is rare (popmax 0.187%, sas) (gnomAD).

What do computational predictors say about ACTN2 p.Ser431Leu (c.1292C>T)?

AlphaMissense predicts likely benign (score 0.0782) — an in-silico prediction, not a clinical call.

ACTN2 p.Ser431Leu

c.1292C>T · rs149846886 · VCV429637

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity Conflicting submitters

Classification

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

ClinVar

Review

Conflicting submitters ★☆☆☆

ClinVar · 6 submitters

AlphaMissense

likely benign

0.0782 · ACMG-weighted

gnomAD v4.1

Rare

rare (popmax 0.187%, sas)

Missense predictors

0/3 damaging

AlphaMissense, REVEL, SaProt

Conditions

Cardiovascular phenotype

Computational evidence

Protein change
AlphaMissense	0.0782	likely benign
REVEL	0.197	benign-leaning
SaProt	LLR -7.21	tolerated
⇒ AlphaMissense, REVEL and SaProt all call this tolerated.
Splicing
SpliceAI	—	not assessed · no allele here is in the release
Constraint at this position
Conservation	phyloP 7.6	GERP 2.4, phastCons 1
Regional constraint	o/e 0.90	unconstrained · MANE · 25 kb · p 0.0054 · regional, not allelic
Overall
CADD	23.9	PHRED · no single calibrated threshold — expert panels disagree

AlphaMissense carries the ACMG weight for missense; REVEL and SaProt are independent agreement signals.

Population frequency

gnomAD v4.1 · exomes + genomes

Grpmax group 0.187% South Asian · 170/91,080 alleles

Filtering AF 0.164% ClinGen BA1/BS1 input FAF95, joint · FAF99 0.155%

Overall 0.0142% 229/1,614,198 alleles · rare

Ancestry group	Frequency	1 in
South Asiangrpmax	0.187%	536
Remaining individualsnot grpmax-eligible	0.0192%	5,209
African / African-American	0.0173%	5,774
East Asian	0.0111%	8,974
Admixed American	0.01%	10,003
European (non-Finnish)	0.00195%	51,306

Rarity supports pathogenicity (ACMG PM2); frequency above a disease-specific BA1/BS1 threshold argues against it. A variant frequent in one ancestry group can be near-absent in others, so a single global figure can mislead.

Variant & gene context

Gene: ACTN2
Protein: p.Ser431Leu
Coding: c.1292C>T
MANE Select: NM_001103
dbSNP: rs149846886
Type: single nucleotide variant
Location: chr1:236744662 (GRCh38)
Gene constraint: LOEUF 0.432 · pLI 1.00 (gnomAD)
Structure: AlphaFold pLDDT 84.88 · 18 PDB
Residue 431: an α-helix

Full ACTN2 gene report on Sugi Atlas → Gene function, pathways, protein structure, interactions & more

Disease context

Cardiovascular phenotype — disease report on Sugi Atlas → Associated genes, phenotypes, clinical trials & treatments

Also linked: dilated cardiomyopathy 1AA familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Similar variants

ACTN2 p.Ser431= Benign/Likely benign ★★ same residue
ACTN2 p.Ser431Thr Uncertain significance ★ same residue
ACTN2 p.Ala119Thr Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
ACTN2 p.Thr247Met Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
ACTN2 c.1107+3G>A Uncertain significance ★★ same condition
ACTN2 c.1108-10A>G Uncertain significance ★★ same condition
ACTN2 c.1255+1G>C Uncertain significance ★★ same condition
ACTN2 c.126+2T>G Uncertain significance ★★ same condition

Built on 18 open, versioned datasets — ClinVar, gnomAD, AlphaMissense, REVEL, ClinGen & more — plus Sugi Variant's own cross-source analysis. Source data 2026-01–2026-10, ClinVar 2026-10. Full sources & versions →

Cite Sugi Variant

Gür T. Sugi Variant: A Deterministic Per-Variant Germline Reference from a Knowledge Graph for Humans and AI Agents. 2026. doi:10.5281/zenodo.21509445. This variant: https://sugi.bio/variant/actn2-p-ser431leu (accessed [today's date]).

Preprint & method: sugi.bio/variant/method Machine-readable: this page as Markdown