Is ADA p.Glu128= (c.384G>A) pathogenic?

ADA p.Glu128= (c.384G>A) is classified Likely benign in ADA (ClinVar, Multiple submitters, 4 submitters; last evaluated 2026-01-19). Ultra-rare (popmax 0.0581%, amr); Associated with severe combined immunodeficiency, autosomal recessive, T cell-negative, B cell-negative, NK cell-negative, due to adenosine deaminase deficiency.

How common is ADA p.Glu128= (c.384G>A) in the general population?

ADA p.Glu128= (c.384G>A) is ultra-rare (popmax 0.0581%, amr) (gnomAD).

ADA p.Glu128=

Q: What condition is associated with ADA p.Glu128= (c.384G>A)?

ADA p.Glu128= (c.384G>A) is associated with severe combined immunodeficiency, autosomal recessive, T cell-negative, B cell-negative, NK cell-negative, due to adenosine deaminase deficiency (ClinVar).

Q: How is Severe combined immunodeficiency due to adenosine deaminase deficiency inherited?

Typically Autosomal recessive (Orphanet). A genetic counselor can assess individual risk for a family.

c.384G>A · rs572092463 · VCV774049

Likely benign Multiple submitters

Classification

Likely benign

ClinVar

Review

Multiple submitters ★★☆☆

ClinVar · 4 submitters

gnomAD v4.1

Rare

ultra-rare (popmax 0.0581%, amr)

Conditions

severe combined immunodeficiency, autosomal recessive, T cell-negative, B cell-negative, NK cell-negative, due to adenosine deaminase deficiency

Computational evidence

Protein change
Missense predictors do not apply to this variant type; conservation carries the signal.
Splicing
SpliceAI	—	not assessed · no allele here is in the release
Constraint at this position
Conservation	phyloP -0.39	GERP -1.8, phastCons 0.044
Overall
CADD	6.484	PHRED · no single calibrated threshold — expert panels disagree

Population frequency

gnomAD v4.1 · exomes + genomes

Grpmax group 0.0581% Admixed American · 31/53,368 alleles

Filtering AF 0.042% ClinGen BA1/BS1 input FAF95, joint · FAF99 0.0366%

Overall 0.0183% 287/1,567,252 alleles · ultra-rare

Ancestry group	Frequency	1 in
Admixed Americangrpmax	0.0581%	1,722
Middle Eastern	0.0347%	2,884
European (non-Finnish)	0.0208%	4,813
Remaining individualsnot grpmax-eligible	0.0132%	7,587
Ashkenazi Jewishnot grpmax-eligible	0.00696%	14,365
African / African-American	0.0054%	18,514

Rarity supports pathogenicity (ACMG PM2); frequency above a disease-specific BA1/BS1 threshold argues against it. A variant frequent in one ancestry group can be near-absent in others, so a single global figure can mislead.

Variant & gene context

Gene: ADA
Protein: p.Glu128=
Coding: c.384G>A
MANE Select: NM_000022
dbSNP: rs572092463
Type: single nucleotide variant
Location: chr20:44625663 (GRCh38)
Gene constraint: LOEUF 1.184 · pLI <0.01 (gnomAD)
Structure: AlphaFold pLDDT 96.81 · 2 PDB
Residue 128: the 'required for binding to ddp4' region; an α-helix

Full ADA gene report on Sugi Atlas → Gene function, pathways, protein structure, interactions & more

Disease context

severe combined immunodeficiency, autosomal recessive, T cell-negative, B cell-negative, NK cell-negative, due to adenosine deaminase deficiency — disease report on Sugi Atlas → Associated genes, phenotypes, clinical trials & treatments

For Severe combined immunodeficiency due to adenosine deaminase deficiency (Orphanet):

Inheritance: Autosomal recessive
Onset: Infancy, Neonatal
Prevalence: 1-9 / 1 000 000 (Europe)

Similar variants

ADA p.Glu128Lys Uncertain significance ★ ⚠ same residue
ADA c.1078+2T>A Likely pathogenic ★★★ same condition
ADA c.219-2A>G Likely pathogenic ★★★ same condition
ADA c.363-2A>G Likely pathogenic ★★★ same condition
ADA c.606+1G>T Likely pathogenic ★★★ same condition
ADA c.975+1G>A Pathogenic ★★★ same condition
ADA c.976-1G>C Pathogenic ★★★ same condition
ADA p.Ala329Val Pathogenic ★★★ same condition

Built on 18 open, versioned datasets — ClinVar, gnomAD, AlphaMissense, REVEL, ClinGen & more — plus Sugi Variant's own cross-source analysis. Source data 2026-01–2026-10, ClinVar 2026-10. Full sources & versions →

Cite Sugi Variant

Gür T. Sugi Variant: A Deterministic Per-Variant Germline Reference from a Knowledge Graph for Humans and AI Agents. 2026. doi:10.5281/zenodo.21509445. This variant: https://sugi.bio/variant/ada-p-glu128 (accessed [today's date]).

Preprint & method: sugi.bio/variant/method Machine-readable: this page as Markdown