Is AXIN2 p.Arg394His (c.1181G>A) pathogenic?

AXIN2 p.Arg394His (c.1181G>A) is classified Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity in AXIN2 (ClinVar, Conflicting submitters, 9 submitters; last evaluated 2026-02-02). AlphaMissense: likely benign (0.1499); Rare (popmax 0.398%, amr); Associated with hereditary neoplastic syndrome.

What condition is associated with AXIN2 p.Arg394His (c.1181G>A)?

AXIN2 p.Arg394His (c.1181G>A) is associated with hereditary neoplastic syndrome, oligodontia-cancer predisposition syndrome (ClinVar).

How common is AXIN2 p.Arg394His (c.1181G>A) in the general population?

AXIN2 p.Arg394His (c.1181G>A) is rare (popmax 0.398%, amr) (gnomAD).

What do computational predictors say about AXIN2 p.Arg394His (c.1181G>A)?

AlphaMissense predicts likely benign (score 0.1499) — an in-silico prediction, not a clinical call.

AXIN2 p.Arg394His

c.1181G>A · rs200899695 · VCV234485

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity Conflicting submitters

Classification

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

ClinVar

Review

Conflicting submitters ★☆☆☆

ClinVar · 9 submitters

AlphaMissense

likely benign

0.1499 · ACMG-weighted

gnomAD v4.1

Rare

rare (popmax 0.398%, amr)

Missense predictors

1/3 damaging

AlphaMissense, REVEL, SaProt

Conditions

hereditary neoplastic syndrome

Computational evidence

Protein change
AlphaMissense	0.1499	likely benign
REVEL	0.657	pathogenic-leaning
SaProt	LLR -9.77	tolerated
⇒ REVEL calls this damaging; AlphaMissense and SaProt do not.
Splicing
SpliceAI	—	not assessed · no allele here is in the release
Constraint at this position
Conservation	phyloP 7.4	GERP 1.9, phastCons 1
Regional constraint	o/e 1.08	unconstrained · MANE · 25 kb · p 0.011 · regional, not allelic
Overall
CADD	31.0	PHRED · no single calibrated threshold — expert panels disagree

AlphaMissense carries the ACMG weight for missense; REVEL and SaProt are independent agreement signals.

Population frequency

gnomAD v4.1 · exomes + genomes

Grpmax group 0.398% Admixed American · 239/60,014 alleles

Filtering AF 0.357% ClinGen BA1/BS1 input FAF95, joint · FAF99 0.341%

Overall 0.0162% 261/1,614,112 alleles · rare

Ancestry group	Frequency	1 in
Admixed Americangrpmax	0.398%	251
Remaining individualsnot grpmax-eligible	0.0032%	31,244
East Asian	0.00223%	44,884
European (non-Finnish)	0.00161%	62,108

Rarity supports pathogenicity (ACMG PM2); frequency above a disease-specific BA1/BS1 threshold argues against it. A variant frequent in one ancestry group can be near-absent in others, so a single global figure can mislead.

Variant & gene context

Gene: AXIN2
Protein: p.Arg394His
Coding: c.1181G>A
MANE Select: NM_004655
dbSNP: rs200899695
Type: single nucleotide variant
Location: chr17:65538222 (GRCh38)
Gene constraint: LOEUF 0.397 · pLI 1.00 · ClinGen HI 3/3 (gnomAD)
Structure: AlphaFold pLDDT 61.71 · 1 PDB
Residue 394: the 'interaction with gsk3b' region

Full AXIN2 gene report on Sugi Atlas → Gene function, pathways, protein structure, interactions & more

Disease context

hereditary neoplastic syndrome — disease report on Sugi Atlas → Associated genes, phenotypes, clinical trials & treatments

Also linked: oligodontia-cancer predisposition syndrome

Similar variants

AXIN2 p.Arg394= Benign/Likely benign ★★ same residue
AXIN2 p.Arg394Cys Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity ★ ⚠ same residue
AXIN2 p.Arg394Ser Uncertain significance ★ ⚠ same residue
AXIN2 c.1060-1G>C Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
AXIN2 c.1200+1G>A Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
AXIN2 c.1201-1G>C Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
AXIN2 c.1713-1G>A Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
AXIN2 c.815+1G>A Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition

Built on 18 open, versioned datasets — ClinVar, gnomAD, AlphaMissense, REVEL, ClinGen & more — plus Sugi Variant's own cross-source analysis. Source data 2026-01–2026-10, ClinVar 2026-10. Full sources & versions →

Cite Sugi Variant

Gür T. Sugi Variant: A Deterministic Per-Variant Germline Reference from a Knowledge Graph for Humans and AI Agents. 2026. doi:10.5281/zenodo.21509445. This variant: https://sugi.bio/variant/axin2-p-arg394his (accessed [today's date]).

Preprint & method: sugi.bio/variant/method Machine-readable: this page as Markdown