Is ESS2 p.Arg470Cys (c.1408C>T) pathogenic?

ESS2 p.Arg470Cys (c.1408C>T) is classified Uncertain significance in ESS2 (ClinVar, Single submitter, 1 submitter; last evaluated 2022-12-28). AlphaMissense: likely benign (0.233); Very rare (popmax 0.00256%, sas).

How common is ESS2 p.Arg470Cys (c.1408C>T) in the general population?

ESS2 p.Arg470Cys (c.1408C>T) is very rare (popmax 0.00256%, sas) (gnomAD).

What do computational predictors say about ESS2 p.Arg470Cys (c.1408C>T)?

AlphaMissense predicts likely benign (score 0.233) — an in-silico prediction, not a clinical call.

ESS2 p.Arg470Cys

c.1408C>T · rs777185987 · VCV3090592

Uncertain significance Single submitter

Classification

Uncertain significance

ClinVar

Review

Single submitter ★☆☆☆

ClinVar · 1 submitter

AlphaMissense

likely benign

0.233 · ACMG-weighted

gnomAD v4.1

Rare

very rare (popmax 0.00256%, sas)

Missense predictors

1/3 damaging

AlphaMissense, REVEL, SaProt

Computational evidence

Protein change
AlphaMissense	0.233	likely benign
REVEL	0.188	benign-leaning
SaProt	LLR -12.55	damaging
⇒ SaProt calls this damaging; AlphaMissense and REVEL do not.
Splicing
SpliceAI	—	not assessed · no allele here is in the release
Constraint at this position
Conservation	phyloP 9.9	GERP 1.1, phastCons 1
Regional constraint	o/e 0.94	unconstrained · MANE · 10 kb · p 0.16 · regional, not allelic
Overall
CADD	33.0	PHRED · no single calibrated threshold — expert panels disagree

AlphaMissense carries the ACMG weight for missense; REVEL and SaProt are independent agreement signals.

Population frequency

gnomAD v4.1 · exomes + genomes

Grpmax group 0.00256% South Asian · 2/78,168 alleles

Filtering AF 0.000425% ClinGen BA1/BS1 input FAF95, joint · FAF99 0.000159%

Overall 0.000438% 6/1,370,606 alleles · very rare

Ancestry group	Frequency	1 in
South Asiangrpmax	0.00256%	39,084
African / African-American	0.00139%	71,694
European (non-Finnish)	0.000265%	377,930

Rarity supports pathogenicity (ACMG PM2); frequency above a disease-specific BA1/BS1 threshold argues against it. A variant frequent in one ancestry group can be near-absent in others, so a single global figure can mislead.

Variant & gene context

Gene: ESS2
Protein: p.Arg470Cys
Coding: c.1408C>T
MANE Select: NM_022719
dbSNP: rs777185987
Type: single nucleotide variant
Location: chr22:19134219 (GRCh38)
Gene constraint: LOEUF 0.844 · pLI <0.01 (gnomAD)
Structure: AlphaFold pLDDT 68.41 · 5 PDB

Full ESS2 gene report on Sugi Atlas → Gene function, pathways, protein structure, interactions & more

Similar variants

ESS2 p.Arg470His Uncertain significance ★ ⚠ same residue
ESS2 p.Arg175Gln Uncertain significance ★★ ⚠ same type
ESS2 p.Asn311= Benign ★★ same type
ESS2 p.Glu234Lys Benign ★★ ⚠ same type
ESS2 p.His178= Likely benign ★★ same type
ESS2 p.Lys66= Benign/Likely benign ★★ same type
ESS2 p.Pro99Leu Benign ★★ same type
ESS2 p.Ser7Ala Benign ★★ same type

Built on 18 open, versioned datasets — ClinVar, gnomAD, AlphaMissense, REVEL, ClinGen & more — plus Sugi Variant's own cross-source analysis. Source data 2026-01–2026-10, ClinVar 2026-10. Full sources & versions →

Cite Sugi Variant

Gür T. Sugi Variant: A Deterministic Per-Variant Germline Reference from a Knowledge Graph for Humans and AI Agents. 2026. doi:10.5281/zenodo.21509445. This variant: https://sugi.bio/variant/ess2-p-arg470cys (accessed [today's date]).

Preprint & method: sugi.bio/variant/method Machine-readable: this page as Markdown