Is LEFTY2 p.His56= (c.168C>T) pathogenic?

LEFTY2 p.His56= (c.168C>T) is classified Likely benign in LEFTY2 (ClinVar, Single submitter, 1 submitter; last evaluated 2024-06-16). Very rare (popmax 0.01%, amr); Associated with Left-right axis malformations.

What condition is associated with LEFTY2 p.His56= (c.168C>T)?

LEFTY2 p.His56= (c.168C>T) is associated with Left-right axis malformations (ClinVar).

How common is LEFTY2 p.His56= (c.168C>T) in the general population?

LEFTY2 p.His56= (c.168C>T) is very rare (popmax 0.01%, amr) (gnomAD).

LEFTY2 p.His56=

c.168C>T · rs771776125 · VCV1948630

Likely benign Single submitter

Classification

Likely benign

ClinVar

Review

Single submitter ★☆☆☆

ClinVar · 1 submitter

gnomAD v4.1

Rare

very rare (popmax 0.01%, amr)

Conditions

Left-right axis malformations

Computational evidence

Protein change
Missense predictors do not apply to this variant type; conservation carries the signal.
Splicing
SpliceAI	<0.2	all four deltas below 0.2 · G>C here scores Δ0.56 · evaluated, not missing
Constraint at this position
Conservation	phyloP -3.6	GERP -3.5
Overall
CADD	1.627	PHRED · no single calibrated threshold — expert panels disagree

Population frequency

gnomAD v4.1 · exomes + genomes

Grpmax group 0.01% Admixed American · 6/60,008 alleles

Filtering AF 0.00428% ClinGen BA1/BS1 input FAF95, joint · FAF99 0.00295%

Overall 0.000744% 12/1,613,618 alleles · very rare exomes 11/1,461,410 · genomes 1/152,208 · joint denominator

Ancestry group	Frequency	1 in
Admixed Americangrpmax	0.01%	10,001
Remaining individualsnot grpmax-eligible	0.0016%	62,456
African / African-American	0.00133%	74,930
European (non-Finnish)	0.000339%	294,973

Rarity supports pathogenicity (ACMG PM2); frequency above a disease-specific BA1/BS1 threshold argues against it. A variant frequent in one ancestry group can be near-absent in others, so a single global figure can mislead.

Variant & gene context

Gene: LEFTY2
Protein: p.His56=
Coding: c.168C>T
MANE Select: NM_003240
dbSNP: rs771776125
Type: single nucleotide variant
Location: chr1:225940973 (GRCh38)
Gene constraint: LOEUF 0.703 · pLI 0.35 (gnomAD)
Structure: AlphaFold pLDDT 79.01

Full LEFTY2 gene report on Sugi Atlas → Gene function, pathways, protein structure, interactions & more

Disease context

Left-right axis malformations — disease report on Sugi Atlas → Associated genes, phenotypes, clinical trials & treatments

Similar variants

LEFTY2 p.Arg243Gly Uncertain significance ★★ ⚠ same condition
LEFTY2 p.Arg265Cys Uncertain significance ★★ ⚠ same condition
LEFTY2 p.Arg314Gln Uncertain significance ★★ ⚠ same condition
LEFTY2 p.Arg33Trp Uncertain significance ★★ ⚠ same condition
LEFTY2 p.Arg67His Uncertain significance ★★ ⚠ same condition
LEFTY2 p.Asp241Glu Uncertain significance ★★ same condition
LEFTY2 p.Asp356Asn Uncertain significance ★★ ⚠ same condition
LEFTY2 p.Gln200Glu Uncertain significance ★★ ⚠ same condition

Built on 18 open, versioned datasets — ClinVar, gnomAD, AlphaMissense, REVEL, ClinGen & more — plus Sugi Variant's own cross-source analysis. Source data 2026-01–2026-10, ClinVar 2026-10. Full sources & versions →

Cite Sugi Variant

Gür T. Sugi Variant: A Deterministic Per-Variant Germline Reference from a Knowledge Graph for Humans and AI Agents. 2026. doi:10.5281/zenodo.21509445. This variant: https://sugi.bio/variant/lefty2-p-his56 (accessed [today's date]).

Preprint & method: sugi.bio/variant/method Machine-readable: this page as Markdown