Is MLH3 p.Phe120= (c.360T>C) pathogenic?

MLH3 p.Phe120= (c.360T>C) is classified Benign/Likely benign in MLH3 (ClinVar, Multiple submitters, 3 submitters; last evaluated 2026-04-28). Very rare (popmax 8.47e-05%, nfe); Associated with colorectal cancer, hereditary nonpolyposis, type 7.

What condition is associated with MLH3 p.Phe120= (c.360T>C)?

MLH3 p.Phe120= (c.360T>C) is associated with colorectal cancer, hereditary nonpolyposis, type 7 (ClinVar).

How common is MLH3 p.Phe120= (c.360T>C) in the general population?

MLH3 p.Phe120= (c.360T>C) is very rare (popmax 8.47e-05%, nfe) (gnomAD).

MLH3 p.Phe120=

c.360T>C · rs1892500587 · VCV1733222

Benign/Likely benign Multiple submitters

Classification

Benign/Likely benign

ClinVar

Review

Multiple submitters ★★☆☆

ClinVar · 3 submitters

gnomAD v4.1

Rare

very rare (popmax 8.47e-05%, nfe)

Conditions

colorectal cancer, hereditary nonpolyposis, type 7

Computational evidence

Protein change
Missense predictors do not apply to this variant type; conservation carries the signal.
Splicing
SpliceAI	—	not assessed · no allele here is in the release
Constraint at this position
Conservation	phyloP 4.2	GERP 1.8, phastCons 1
Overall
CADD	8.189	PHRED · no single calibrated threshold — expert panels disagree

Population frequency

gnomAD v4.1 · exomes + genomes

Grpmax group 8.47e-05% European (non-Finnish) · 1/1,180,042 alleles

Overall 6.19e-05% 1/1,614,228 alleles · very rare exomes 1/1,461,884 · genomes 0/152,344 · joint denominator

Rarity supports pathogenicity (ACMG PM2); frequency above a disease-specific BA1/BS1 threshold argues against it. A variant frequent in one ancestry group can be near-absent in others, so a single global figure can mislead.

Variant & gene context

Gene: MLH3
Protein: p.Phe120=
Coding: c.360T>C
MANE Select: NM_001040108
dbSNP: rs1892500587
Type: single nucleotide variant
Location: chr14:75049296 (GRCh38)
Gene constraint: LOEUF 0.735 · pLI <0.01 (gnomAD)
Structure: AlphaFold pLDDT 56.14
Residue 120: a UniProt-annotated variant site (in)

Full MLH3 gene report on Sugi Atlas → Gene function, pathways, protein structure, interactions & more

Disease context

colorectal cancer, hereditary nonpolyposis, type 7 — disease report on Sugi Atlas → Associated genes, phenotypes, clinical trials & treatments

Similar variants

MLH3 p.Phe120Ser Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity ★ ⚠ same residue
MLH3 p.Phe120Leu Uncertain significance ★ ⚠ same residue
MLH3 p.Gln1360Ter Pathogenic ★★ same condition
MLH3 p.Gln423Ter Pathogenic ★★ same condition
MLH3 p.Ser626Ter Pathogenic ★★ same condition
MLH3 p.Tyr441Ter Pathogenic ★★ same condition
MLH3 c.3280+4A>G Uncertain significance ★★ same condition
MLH3 c.3379+4A>G Uncertain significance ★★ same condition

Built on 18 open, versioned datasets — ClinVar, gnomAD, AlphaMissense, REVEL, ClinGen & more — plus Sugi Variant's own cross-source analysis. Source data 2026-01–2026-10, ClinVar 2026-10. Full sources & versions →

Cite Sugi Variant

Gür T. Sugi Variant: A Deterministic Per-Variant Germline Reference from a Knowledge Graph for Humans and AI Agents. 2026. doi:10.5281/zenodo.21509445. This variant: https://sugi.bio/variant/mlh3-p-phe120 (accessed [today's date]).

Preprint & method: sugi.bio/variant/method Machine-readable: this page as Markdown