Is RB1 p.Glu97= (c.291A>G) pathogenic?

RB1 p.Glu97= (c.291A>G) is classified Benign/Likely benign in RB1 (ClinVar, Multiple submitters, 4 submitters; last evaluated 2026-06-23). Ultra-rare (popmax 0.0333%, mid); Associated with retinoblastoma.

What condition is associated with RB1 p.Glu97= (c.291A>G)?

RB1 p.Glu97= (c.291A>G) is associated with retinoblastoma, hereditary neoplastic syndrome (ClinVar).

How common is RB1 p.Glu97= (c.291A>G) in the general population?

RB1 p.Glu97= (c.291A>G) is ultra-rare (popmax 0.0333%, mid) (gnomAD).

How is Retinoblastoma inherited?

Typically Autosomal dominant, Not applicable (Orphanet). A genetic counselor can assess individual risk for a family.

RB1 p.Glu97=

c.291A>G · rs919345517 · VCV759933

Benign/Likely benign Multiple submitters

Classification

Benign/Likely benign

ClinVar

Review

Multiple submitters ★★☆☆

ClinVar · 4 submitters

gnomAD v4.1

Rare

ultra-rare (popmax 0.0333%, mid)

Conditions

retinoblastoma

Computational evidence

Protein change
Missense predictors do not apply to this variant type; conservation carries the signal.
Splicing
SpliceAI	—	not assessed · no allele here is in the release
Constraint at this position
Conservation	phyloP 0.34	GERP -0.66, phastCons 0.47
Overall
CADD	7.032	PHRED · no single calibrated threshold — expert panels disagree

Population frequency

gnomAD v4.1 · exomes + genomes

Grpmax group 0.0333% Middle Eastern · 2/6,010 alleles

Filtering AF 0.00586% ClinGen BA1/BS1 input FAF95, joint · FAF99 0.00244%

Overall 0.000372% 6/1,611,292 alleles · ultra-rare exomes 5/1,459,124 · genomes 1/152,168 · joint denominator

Ancestry group	Frequency	1 in
Middle Easterngrpmax	0.0333%	3,005
Finnishnot grpmax-eligible	0.00156%	63,972
European (non-Finnish)	0.000255%	392,563

Rarity supports pathogenicity (ACMG PM2); frequency above a disease-specific BA1/BS1 threshold argues against it. A variant frequent in one ancestry group can be near-absent in others, so a single global figure can mislead.

Variant & gene context

Gene: RB1
Protein: p.Glu97=
Coding: c.291A>G
MANE Select: NM_000321
dbSNP: rs919345517
Type: single nucleotide variant
Location: chr13:48342625 (GRCh38)
Gene constraint: LOEUF 0.239 · pLI 1.00 · ClinGen HI 3/3 (gnomAD)
Structure: AlphaFold pLDDT 77.03 · 19 PDB
Residue 97: an α-helix

Full RB1 gene report on Sugi Atlas → Gene function, pathways, protein structure, interactions & more

Disease context

retinoblastoma — disease report on Sugi Atlas → Associated genes, phenotypes, clinical trials & treatments

Also linked: hereditary neoplastic syndrome

For Retinoblastoma (Orphanet):

Inheritance: Autosomal dominant, Not applicable
Onset: Antenatal, Childhood, Infancy
Prevalence: <1 / 1 000 000 (Europe)

Similar variants

RB1 p.Glu97Gln Uncertain significance ★★ ⚠ same residue
RB1 p.Glu97Asp Uncertain significance ★ ⚠ same residue
RB1 p.Glu97fs Pathogenic ★★ same residue
RB1 c.1049+1G>A Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
RB1 c.1049+1G>T Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
RB1 c.1049+3A>G Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
RB1 c.1050-2A>G Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
RB1 c.1128-1G>A Pathogenic ★★ same condition

Built on 18 open, versioned datasets — ClinVar, gnomAD, AlphaMissense, REVEL, ClinGen & more — plus Sugi Variant's own cross-source analysis. Source data 2026-01–2026-10, ClinVar 2026-10. Full sources & versions →

Cite Sugi Variant

Gür T. Sugi Variant: A Deterministic Per-Variant Germline Reference from a Knowledge Graph for Humans and AI Agents. 2026. doi:10.5281/zenodo.21509445. This variant: https://sugi.bio/variant/rb1-p-glu97 (accessed [today's date]).

Preprint & method: sugi.bio/variant/method Machine-readable: this page as Markdown