Is ARG1 p.Glu78= (c.234G>A) pathogenic?

ARG1 p.Glu78= (c.234G>A) is classified Likely benign in ARG1 (ClinVar, Single submitter, 1 submitter; last evaluated 2026-01-20). Ultra-rare (popmax 0.0758%, eas); Associated with arginase deficiency.

What condition is associated with ARG1 p.Glu78= (c.234G>A)?

ARG1 p.Glu78= (c.234G>A) is associated with arginase deficiency (ClinVar).

How common is ARG1 p.Glu78= (c.234G>A) in the general population?

ARG1 p.Glu78= (c.234G>A) is ultra-rare (popmax 0.0758%, eas) (gnomAD).

How is Argininemia inherited?

Typically Autosomal recessive (Orphanet). A genetic counselor can assess individual risk for a family.

ARG1 p.Glu78=

c.234G>A · rs571619062 · VCV702087

Likely benign Single submitter

Classification

Likely benign

ClinVar

Review

Single submitter ★☆☆☆

ClinVar · 1 submitter

gnomAD v4.1

Rare

ultra-rare (popmax 0.0758%, eas)

Conditions

arginase deficiency

Computational evidence

Protein change
Missense predictors do not apply to this variant type; conservation carries the signal.
Splicing
SpliceAI	—	not assessed · no allele here is in the release
Constraint at this position
Conservation	phyloP 2.1	GERP -3.8, phastCons 1
Overall
CADD	1.637	PHRED · no single calibrated threshold — expert panels disagree

Population frequency

gnomAD v4.1 · exomes + genomes

Grpmax group 0.0758% East Asian · 34/44,882 alleles

Filtering AF 0.0557% ClinGen BA1/BS1 input FAF95, joint · FAF99 0.0488%

Overall 0.00217% 35/1,614,138 alleles · ultra-rare exomes 28/1,461,838 · genomes 7/152,300 · joint denominator

Ancestry group	Frequency	1 in
East Asiangrpmax	0.0758%	1,320
Remaining individualsnot grpmax-eligible	0.0016%	62,506

Rarity supports pathogenicity (ACMG PM2); frequency above a disease-specific BA1/BS1 threshold argues against it. A variant frequent in one ancestry group can be near-absent in others, so a single global figure can mislead.

Variant & gene context

Gene: ARG1
Protein: p.Glu78=
Coding: c.234G>A
MANE Select: NM_000045
dbSNP: rs571619062
Type: single nucleotide variant
Location: chr6:131579214 (GRCh38)
Gene constraint: LOEUF 0.833 · pLI <0.01 (gnomAD)
Structure: AlphaFold pLDDT 97.01 · 60 PDB
Residue 78: an α-helix

Full ARG1 gene report on Sugi Atlas → Gene function, pathways, protein structure, interactions & more

Disease context

arginase deficiency — disease report on Sugi Atlas → Associated genes, phenotypes, clinical trials & treatments

For Argininemia (Orphanet):

Inheritance: Autosomal recessive
Onset: Childhood, Infancy
Prevalence: <1 / 1 000 000 (Finland)

Similar variants

ARG1 p.Glu78Lys Uncertain significance ★ ⚠ same residue
ARG1 p.Glu78fs Pathogenic ★ same residue
ARG1 c.130+1G>A Pathogenic ★★ same condition
ARG1 c.465+1G>A Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
ARG1 c.466-1G>C Pathogenic ★★ same condition
ARG1 c.466-2A>G Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition
ARG1 c.560+2T>C Pathogenic ★★ same condition
ARG1 c.57+1G>A Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic ★★ same condition

Built on 18 open, versioned datasets — ClinVar, gnomAD, AlphaMissense, REVEL, ClinGen & more — plus Sugi Variant's own cross-source analysis. Source data 2026-01–2026-10, ClinVar 2026-10. Full sources & versions →

Cite Sugi Variant

Gür T. Sugi Variant: A Deterministic Per-Variant Germline Reference from a Knowledge Graph for Humans and AI Agents. 2026. doi:10.5281/zenodo.21509445. This variant: https://sugi.bio/variant/arg1-p-glu78 (accessed [today's date]).

Preprint & method: sugi.bio/variant/method Machine-readable: this page as Markdown